PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to summarize the current applications of BIM, the integration of related technologies and the tendencies and challenges systematically.Design/methodology/approachUsing quantitative and qualitative bibliometric statistical methods, the current mode of interaction between BIM and other related technologies is summarized.FindingsThis paper identified 24 different BIM applications in the life cycle. From two perspectives, the implementation status of BIM applications and integrated technologies are respectively studied. The future industry development framework is drawn comprehensively. We summarized the challenges of BIM applications from the perspectives of management, technology and promotion, and confirmed that most of the challenges come from the two driving factors of promotion and management.Research limitations/implicationsThe technical challenges reviewed in this paper are from the collected literature we have extracted, which is only a part of the practical challenges and not comprehensive enough.Practical implicationsWe summarized the current mode of interactive use of BIM and sorted out the challenges faced by BIM applications to provide reference for the risks and challenges faced by the future industry.Originality/valueThere is little literature to integrate BIM applications and to establish BIM related challenges and risk frameworks. In this paper, we provide a review of the current implementation level of BIM and the risks and challenges of stakeholders through three aspects of management, technology and promotion.
This letter reveals the possibility of Hopf bifurcation in a grid-connected wind energy generation system which handles an unbalanced loading. The wind energy generation system consists of a typical doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) which allows variable speed operation by using partially rated back-to-back quadruple active and reactive power PWM converters. Many control schemes reported in the literature are designed to solve some specific control problems associated with DFIG and have rarely been tested for general stability. Specifically, bifurcation analysis of the system has not been reported so far. We study the system stability in terms of the magnitude of some unwanted oscillation of the voltage link capacitor under a practical scenario where the system interacts indirectly with unbalanced single-phase constant power loads through the power grid. In this letter, the rotor speed of the DFIG is used as a variation parameter for bifurcation analysis. Bifurcation diagram of the voltage link capacitor indicates a Hopf-like bifurcation of the system in super-synchronous operation. This clearly explains the instability phenomenon of the practical DFIG system when unbalanced single-phase constant power loads are connected to the connecting grid.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.