Aims: Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation often occurs in combination with carotid atherosclerosis, but less is known about it in combination with cerebral artery stenosis. This study investigated the characteristics of cerebral infarction in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with or without cerebral artery stenosis. 13.3%) were higher in the stenosis group (n 107) than in the non-stenosis group (n 65) (P 0.01). In the stenosis group, there were different types of cerebral infarction lesions, including multiple infarction (multifocal type), massive infarction, watershed infarction, and lacunar infarction; in the non-stenosis group, the 60.0% lesions were multiple infarction (multifocal type), a significantly higher proportion than the stenosis group (26.2%, P 0.05). NIHSS score was an independent risk factor for worse prognosis at follow-up (OR (95%CI) 1.251-1.674, P 0.001). Methods Conclusions:Advanced age, hypertension, and stroke/TIA were increased in patients with cerebral infarction with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation combined with cerebral artery stenosis.bral infarction patients with atrial fibrillation are higher than that of cerebral infarction patients without atrial fibrillation 3) . Understanding the risk factors for cerebral infarction in patients with NVAF relies on the reasonable assessment of the risk of complicated cerebral infarction. These risks can then guide strategies for the prevention of thromboembolism. Clinicians can use the CHA2DS2-VASc score as a way of Introduction Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is the most common type of atrial fibrillation and an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction; about 20% of the cases of cerebral infarction are cardiogenic cerebral infarction and, of these, nearly 50% are caused by NVAF 1, 2)

Infectious etiologies and tumors are common triggers of autoimmune encephalitis. We herein reported a rare case of autoimmune encephalitis with multiple autoantibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum, with concomitant human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) infection and ovarian teratoma. A 36-year-old woman presented with mental and behavioral changes and gibberish for 13 days, followed by fever for 1 day. Her brain MRI indicated limbic encephalitis. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of CSF revealed HHV-7. Antibody testing showed positive anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) antibodies in CSF and serum. Ovarian teratoma was considered after pelvic MRI, which was then pathologically confirmed after laparoscopic ovariectomy. Her conditions improved after laparoscopic surgery, intravenous steroids, immunoglobulin, and rituximab therapy. Our findings suggested that the combination of multiple therapies including antiviral, immunotherapy, and resection of tumors were appropriate and improved the prognosis, when HHV-7 infection and ovarian teratoma were concomitant with multiple anti-neuronal antibodies of autoimmune encephalitis.

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