Based on a retrospective comparison of patients who underwent ESD vs MBM for squamous intraepithelial neoplasia of the esophagus, ESD should be reserved for patients with larger neoplastic lesions (>15 mm), with respect to the success of attempted en bloc resection and the number of curative resections achieved. However, ESD has longer procedure times and higher rates of complication. MBM allows for safe and easy piecemeal resections, and is associated with similar levels of clinical success as ESD for lesions less than 15 mm. Large, randomized, controlled studies are needed to determine which endoscopic resection modality is superior for patients with high-grade intraepithelia neoplasms.
This paper presents the experimental results of cogasification of coal and biomass in an intermittent fluidized bed reactor, aiming to investigate the influences of operation parameters such as gasification temperature (T), steam to biomass mass ratio (SBMR), and biomass to coal mass ratio (BCMR) on hydrogen-rich (H2-rich) gas production. The results show that H2-rich gas free of N2 dilution is produced and the H2 yield is in the range of 18.25~68.13 g/kg. The increases of T, SBMR, and BCMR are all favorable for promoting the H2 production. Higher temperature contributes to higher CO and H2 contents, as well as H2 yield. The BCMR has a weak influence on gas composition, but the yield and content of H2 increase with BCMR, reaching a peak at the BCMR of 4. The H2 content and yield in the product gas increase with SBMR, whilst the content of CO increases first and then decreases correspondingly. At a typical case, the relative linear sensitivity coefficients of H2 production efficiency to T, SBMR, and BCMR were calculated. The results reveal that the order of the influence of the operation parameters on H2 production efficiency is T > SBMR > BCMR.
In this paper, thermochemical biomass intermittent gasification was performed in a fluidized-bed reactor with pure steam as gasification agent. A single fluidized bed two-stage gasification process, also known as intermittent gasification process, which involves the time segregated hybridization of coal-combustion and steam biomass-gasification stages in the same vessel, was employed. This research aims to explore the influences of gasification temperature (T) and steam-biomass ratio (S/B) on composition, energy and exergy distribution, as well as energy and exergy conversion efficiencies of the product gas (biomass-gas). Over the ranges of the test conditions used, the total concentration of H 2 and CO in the biomass-gas varies between 57.9% and 80.8%, and the exergy and energy efficiencies of the biomass-gas are in the ranges of 54.61%-35.52% and 82.91%-60.78%, respectively. The results show that the chemical exergy values of the biomass-gas are 13.50 to 17.71 times as the corresponding physical exergy values, whereas the chemical energy values are 6.91 to 9.45 times as the corresponding physical energy values. The total energy values of the biomass-gas are higher than the corresponding exergy values, this result in higher energy efficiencies of the biomass-gas. Higher temperature contributes to higher CO and H 2 content, physical and chemical energy values, physical and chemical exergy values, as well as energy and exergy efficiencies of the biomass-gas. The steam to biomass ratio is optimal in the intermediate levels for maximal energy and exergy efficiencies of the biomass-gas. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of simultaneous endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for multiple early gastric cancers.A total of 70 solitary early gastric cancers from 70 patients and 20 multiple early gastric cancers from 10 patients were included in this retrospective study. The curative resection rate, en bloc resection rate, procedure-related complications, and local recurrence were compared between the 2 groups.There was no statistical difference in the rate of complete resection, en bloc resection, and curative resection between the 2 groups (P > .05). No significant difference was found with respect to the occurrence of postoperative bleeding (P > .05). Procedure time was significantly longer in the simultaneous group than that in the single group (87.6 ± 25.1 min vs 54.6 ± 22.0 min, P = .004). The overall incidence of synchronous early gastric cancer was 7.5%.Simultaneous ESD for multiple early gastric cancers is a safe and feasible choice in low-volume hospital. The entire stomach should be examined meticulously during and after ESD. Larger randomized studies are needed to validate our results.
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