HIGHLIGHTS• Biochar was evaluated for the biostimulation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils.• Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) reveal specific soil microbial responses to oil.• Oil amplifies 13 ASVs -putative hydrocarbon degraders -to high relative abundance.• Standard biochars reduce soil diversity loss and are enriched in oil-selected ASVs.• Biochar enriched with endogenous microbes is a promising approach to bioremediation.
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