The object of the study is a double disc coulter with a pressure plate. The aim of the research was to simulate the operation of the double disc coulter using a grain seed drill as an example. Analytical dependencies for determining the traction resistance of the improved coulter are presented. The method of calculating the drag resistance of a double disc coulter with an original pressure plate installed on it is given. The components of the traction resistance balance have been determined and the dependence on the sowing depth has been established. 3D graphical dependences of the traction resistance of serial and advanced coulters on the speed and depth of its movement have been constructed based on the results of calculations. The main influence is the placement depth. Speed of movement of the seeder in the considered interval of its values does not render essential influence on traction resistance. Installation of an additional pressure plate increases traction resistance to 5 %.
Soil preparation with single-operation serial machine-tractor units requires multiple passes over the field, which leads to excessive soil compaction and loss of fertile layer, increased consumption of fuel and lubricants. The use of machines with dynamic tillage tools to prepare the soil for sowing allows regulation of soil pulverization intensity and performing a technological operation in one pass. The aim of the research is to study the possibilities of a combined approach to graded tillage, combining static and dynamic tillage tools. The main disadvantages of tiller are poor penetration ability, high metal and energy consumption. The authors found that the rational joint use of static and dynamic tillage tool in the cultivator for graded soil treatment may reduce the energy consumption for the top layer cultivating by 1.5 times. Such aspects, as the degree of influence of the parameters and operating modes of the tiller on the specific energy consumption of processing, soil pulverization intensity and degree of the content of erosion-hazardous particles in the upper layer are revealed, design and operating parameters of the combined cultivator and its tillage tools are substantiated.
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