The reconstruction property of the Bessel beam plays a significant role in the application of multi-plane micro-manipulation. We analyze the principle of the generation and the reconstruction of Bessel beam according to the Hankel wave theory; we also discuss the reconstructions of circular and square obstacles on-axial and off-axial of system in detail respectively. The generation of Bessel by axicon and the self-reconstruction property of Bessel beam after different kinds of obstacles are simulated by optical design software ZEMAX. Experimental result is used to confirm the simulation model, and it accords with the simulation very well. Therefore, we obtain a conclusion that the software ZEMAX can quickly and intuitively simulate the reconstruction of Bessel beam generated by axicon with high veracity.
A new technique for generating quasi non-diffracting beam with long propagation distance by using simple optical elements including the convergent lens and axicons is proposed. The theory of generating such a beam is studied with geometrical optics and diffraction theory. The formation process of the beam is simulated, and the transverse intensity distributions at various distances are obtained. The simulation results show that the transverse intensity distribution at long-distance accords with Bessel distribution. A comparison between the quasi non-diffracting beam, which is obtained by our experiment, and that in the literature (Belyi et al. 2010 Opt. Exp. 18 1966) shows that its propagation distance is more than 50 m longer, and the beam divergence angle is compressed by 22 times. In the experiment, the beam patterns are captured at different propagation positions, and the obtained results are in good agreement with the theoretical analyses.
Novel axicon for generating bottle beam is proposed for the first time. We discuss concave and convex types, which are formed by grinding and scuffing a frustum of a cone on the bottom of a traditional axicon. The results show that when a plane wave illuminates on the concave axicon, a single bottle beam is formed. If the light illuminates on the convex axicon, periodic bottle beam is formed. The formation mechanism of the bottle beam is analyzed by geometrical optics, and the relevant parameters are also calculated. The transverse and the longitudinal intensity distribution are simulated by diffraction and interference theory. The results are basically consistent with the geometrical optics.
Reconstruction of focused high order Bessel-Gauss beam by using thin lens is proposed. Based on the diffraction theory, reconstruction behavior of focused high order Bessel-Gauss beam is analyzed. The three-dimensional optical intensity distribution and the cross-section optical intensity distribution of the high order Bessel-Gauss beam focused by first thin lens, and then reconstructed by the second thin lens are numerical simulated. Result shows that the high order Bessel-Gauss beam passing through the single thin lens can generate Bottle beam, and the bright ring is obtained at focus. To rectify the beam divergence after focus, another thin lens is introduced at suitable position. After that, the beam keeps the Bessel distribution. Experiment is conducted, and experimental results are in agrement with the theoretical analyses. Research result shows its significance in providing a guidance for optical tweezers, particle trapping and controlling.
We propose an novel optical element-liquid axicon-to generate self-imaged bottle beams in this paper. From the diffraction theory combined with geometrical optics the light field behind the liquid axicon is analyzed, and the result shows that when the refractive index of infused liquid is smaller than that of the axicon material, it can produce self-imaged optical bottle beams. Through simulation with software MathCAD, we obtain the conversion process of a complete self-imaged optical bottle beam cycle and the evolution process of the bottle beam. We find that the coherent length of self-imaged bottle beams generated by liquid axicon is adjustable. In this paper, we analyze how to use self-imaged bottle beams to capture the particles, and the advantages of capturing multilayer particles using self-imaged bottle beams are also discussed.
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