Summary. The creation and development of Kazakhstan as a trade, logistics and business hub of the region is on the agenda of the Government of Kazakhstan. To achieve this, central and local governments, private businesses invest in new infrastructure projects in logistics.The article investigates the problems of modern logistics infrastructure formation in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The survey results show that the attractiveness of Kazakhstan as a transport and logistics hub will depend on the state of logistics infrastructure, service quality, and technology used. Further development will largely depend on its ability to diversify and create logistics facilities with high added value. Priorities and the need for multi-level transport logistic centres have been defined; their development in domestic, export and transit directions has been described, both at the national and international levels and at the enterprise level as well. ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ ЛОГИСТИКИ КАЗАХСТАНА: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ И РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИХ ЦЕНТРОВАннотация. Вопрос создания и становления Казахстана как торгового, логистического и делового хаба региона стоит на повестке дня Правительства Казахстана. Для достижения этой цели центральные и местные органы власти, частный бизнес инвестирует новые инфраструктурные проекты по логистике. В статье исследуются проблемы формирования современной логистической инфраструктуры на территории Республики Казахстан. Результаты опроса показывают, что привлекательность Казахстана, как транспортно-логистического хаба, будет напрямую зависеть от состояния логистической инфраструктуры, качества сервиса, используемой технологии. Дальнейшее развитие будет в значительной степени зависеть от способности диверсифицировать и создать объекты логистики с высокой добавленной стоимостью. Определены приоритеты и необходимость создания многоуровневых транспортно-логистических центров, их 58 Zh. Raimbekov, B. Syzdykbayeva, D. Zhenskhan, P. Bayneeva, Y. Amirbekuly развития во внутреннем, экспортном и транзитном направлениях, как в международном, так и национальном масштабах и на уровне предприятия.
Logistics has become one of the foremost spheres that affect economic growth. In its reports, the World Bank analyzes the effectiveness of the LPI logistics index of the world, and states that the logistics sector plays an important role in the competitiveness of many countries. The authors, using the example of the CIS countries, analyze the influence of LPI over 10 years, and carry out factor analysis, which considers both the logistics sector (transport, telecommunications) and economic indicators (GDP, trade, industry, etc.). Groups of factors such as industry (general and agricultural), investment and trade: auto transport, freight turnover, communications; railway and air transport, service and mobile network and exports were identified based on the results of the study. These factors are closely interrelated. This interrelation plays an important role in the development of economic growth of countries. It was revealed that the efficiency of logistics affects over not only economic growth, but also the further development of a country in the global world.
This article examines the link between logistics indicators and economic growth in Kazakhstan in the period 1995-2019. Factors and the causal relationship between the indicators of transport development and economic growth, using the models of total production, demand and vector error correction, are studied. The analysis established specifics of the relationship between indicators of various types of transport and economic growth and their mutual influence, both in terms of directions and the nature of the relationship. A bi-directional cause-and-effect relationship between railway transport infrastructure and economic growth has been identified according to the Granger test. It was found that in a small economy, road and sea transport in the long term will lead to a higher rate of economic growth, and vice versa, economic growth encourages the development of pipeline transport and this in turn, in a one-way direction, stimulates the development of all other types of transport. It was revealed that economic growth in Kazakhstan leads to an increase in demand for transport and logistics services and their infrastructure to a lesser extent than in countries with large economies. To improve the effectiveness of the economy, a differentiated approach to transport policy is recommended depending on the highlighted long-term relationship between the studied parameters. Our research indicates that conditions for road and sea transport in Kazakhstan should be improved to stimulate economic growth. The results of the study can be used as recommendations for developing a long-term transport policy.
This paper reviews the results of an analysis of the tourism industry in Kazakhstan, which has great potential for development. Despite the favourable conditions for tourism business development and the tourist and recreational resources in Kazakhstan, there are several problems. The authors discuss the factors constraining the functioning and development of tourist activity. They present an evaluation of the efficiency of, and prospects for, tourism operations in the country and identify forward-looking economic indicators for the tourism industry.
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