Lithium borohydride, LiBH 4 , possesses high hydrogen capacity, but cannot be used for hydrogen storage owing to the problematic H-exchange kinetics and thermodynamics. In the present study, we employed the Li + -Ca 2+ combination strategy to improve the de/rehydrogenation properties of LiBH 4 . Our study found that mechanically milling 1:1 LiBH 4 /Ca(BH 4 ) 2 mixture formed a dual-cation borohydride, Li 0.9 Ca(BH 4 ) 2.9 , which then transformed to stoichiometric LiCa(BH 4 ) 3 in the heating process. The formation and decomposition behaviors of LiCa(BH 4 ) 3 were studied using X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry/mass spectroscopy techniques. It was found that LiCa(BH 4 ) 3 differs significantly from the component phases in terms of physical properties, decomposition behaviors, and mechanistic pathway. In particular, LiCa(BH 4 ) 3 exhibits improved de/rehydrogenation properties relative to the component phases. These experimental findings exemplified the effectiveness of manipulation of dual-cation combination in tuning the de/rehydrogenation properties of the ionic light-metal borohydrides.
Iron ore reduction and carbon deposition under H2-CO mixtures were investigated by using the non-isothermal method. Iron ore in three different configurations were used in this work: pellet, coarse granularity particles and fine granularity particles. The reduced samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and accelerated surface area and porosimetry System(ASAP 2020M+C). In pure CO, the carbon deposition increases with decreasing of the sample size. In H2-CO mixtures, the rate of carbon deposition is accelerated dramatically. Morphologies of samples treated in different reducing ambinent were investigated. Specific surface area of the treated sample increases with higher level of carbon deposition.
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