Expression of nuclear factor-κB in hepatocellular carcinoma and its relation with the X protein of hepatitis B virus. World J Gastroenterol, 2001;7(3):340-344 Abstract AIM In this study we investigated the relationship of the X protein of HBV and nuclear factor-κ κ κ κ κB (NF-κ κ κ κ κB) and the expression of NF-κ κ κ κ κB in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. METHODS Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expression of NF-κ κ κ κ κB and the X protein of HBV in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues of 52 cases. Gene transfection mediated by lipofectamine was used to transfect the eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA3-1-HBX of HBV x gene into human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HCC-9204 and NF-κ κ κ κ κB was detected. RESULTS NF-κ κ κ κ κB was widely expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues in a total of 52 cases and its expression was related to the X protein of HBV. NF-κ κ κ κ κB was localized both in the cytoplasm and the nuclei of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in 11 cases which were positive for the X protein of HBV while in 41 cases negative for the X protein of HBV, NF-κ κ κ κ κB was only localized in the cytoplasm of hepatocellular carcinoma cells but translocated to the nuclei of hepatocellular carcinoma cells after the eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA3-1-HBX was transfected into HCC-9204 cells. CONCLUSION This study strongly suggests that the nuclear factor NF-κ κ κ κ κB is widely expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues in different styles according to the expression of the X protein of HBV. NF-κ κ κ κ κB is abnormally activated in hepatocellular carcinoma, which is probably related to the X protein of HBV. The X protein of HBV can activate NF-κ κ κ κ κB to translocate into nuclei of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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