HIGHLIGHTS • An overview on photophysical properties of conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) including photoconductivity and photoluminescence is provided. • Miscellaneous applications of MOFs with photophysical properties are discussed. • Recent advances in integration of photoactive MOFs with practical devices are summarized. ABSTRACT Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of hybrid materials with many promising applications. In recent years, lots of investigations have been oriented toward applications of MOFs in electronic and photoelectronic devices. While many high-quality reviews have focused on synthesis and mechanisms of electrically conductive MOFs, few of them focus on their photophysical properties. Herein, we provide an in-depth review on photoconductive and photoluminescent properties of conductive MOFs together with their corresponding applications in solar cells, luminescent sensing, light emitting, and so forth. For integration of MOFs with practical devices, recent advances in fabrication of photoactive MOF thin films are also summarized.
The problem of industrial wastewater treatment still poses a challenge to mankind. Congo red (CGR), a kind of organic dye contaminant, is widely used in textile, papermaking, and other industries, making it necessary to develop effective techniques to remove CGR from wastewater. Herein, ZIF-67 crystals with excellent performance were grown in situ on the surface and internal pore surface of the low-cost and high-stability diatomite-based porous ceramic (DBPC) by the nonuniform nucleation growth method, and the DBPC@ZIF-67 composite was characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS methods. Adsorption experiments of DBPC@ZIF-67 to CGR were carried out, and the results showed a theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 1351.35 mg/g for CGR on DBPC@ZIF-67 and a removal efficiency of 95.53% for 10 mg/L CGR solution at 25 °C. The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and adsorption thermodynamics of DBPC@ZIF-67 on CGR were studied using the quasi-first-order and quasi-second-order kinetic models and the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isothermal models. The effects of adsorbent dosage and pH value on the adsorption capacity were also investigated. Besides, the stability and recoverability of the composite were studied by adsorption−desorption experiments.
Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), MIL-125 and UiO-66, were modified on the butterfly wings (BWs) by chemical bonds, and CdS was grown in situ on them through a solvothermal approach. The BWs enable the biocomposites to possess a wider (>600 nm) and stronger light absorption. The in situ growth method can produce highly active and stable biocomposites. These novel morphologic MOF/CdS biocomposites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and so on. The resulting composites were tested for photocatalytic hydrogen production through water splitting with platinum and lactic acid as the co-catalyst and sacrificial agent, respectively. The two samples showed higher activity than bulk CdS, MOFs, or their composites. Therefore, this paper provides an appropriate method to obtain the MOF/CdS biocomposites, and the resulting biocomposites are proved to be efficient catalyst systems for hydrogen evolution from water under visible light with a wider wavelength.
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