Child marriage is defined as a marriage before the age of 18. In many countries, a significant number of girls still marry before the age of 18. The country governments and international communities are increasingly aware of the negative impacts of child marriages, but the actions to end the practice is still limited. Child marriage threatens particularly girls’ lives and health, and it limits their future prospects. Early marriages are not considered as a "problem" by the majority of the society where as it is a phenomenon that has been existing for long years in our country. It is observed that one of the most important sources of legitimacy of marriage is public accord and these marriages are realized mostly in the framework of this accord. Patriarchal and traditional social structure have unfortunately normalized and legitimized early marriages. It is necessary to hold meetings to create and develop awareness for implementation of Turkish Civil Code, Turkish Penal Code and Law on Protection of Minors. It will be therefore possible to ensure that children, families and people understand what kind of problems and penal responsibilities that early marriage of children constitutes Child marriage is a problem that prevents the exercise of human rights, undermines the status of women and deprive child from their main rights including especially the education. Their marriages are a field that must be struggled with in Turkey targeting social gender equality.
Forced marriage, which is not entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses, is violation of internationally recognised human rights standards. In Turkey; there are many types of forced marriage. Protecting perceived cultural or religious ideals is the most significant factor leads to forced marriage. A forced marriage will be a marriage where all kinds of violence in the family will most likely be experienced. Some European countries made forced marriage into a criminal offence, but it is not defined as a criminal offence in Turkey. This study aims to point out the situation and the types of forced marriages in Turkey and to bring suggestions to struggle with forced marriages.
Aim: Adolescent pregnancy refers to a pregnancy in a female who is younger than 19 year of age. Adolescent pregnancy can have a number of negative consequences for both the mother and the child, including increased risk of health complications, poor educational and economic outcomes, and social and emotional challenges. This study aims to provide regional data on the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in Türkiye and to propose solutions to this problemMethodolody: Pregnancies under the age of 19 which resulted in births gave birth in a public hospital that provides birth-specific service in one of the metropolitan areas within the borders of the Republic of Türkiye between 2015-2022 were retrospectively analysed. Detected pregnancies have been evaluated and analysed according to criteria such as age, nationality, and week of birth.Results: In the sample subject to the research, between the years 2015-2022; 3174 adolescents under the age of 19 gave birth. Of these, 54% (N:1718) are Turkish nationals, 45% (N:1431) are Syrian nationals, and the remaining 1% (N:25) are other nationals. The average birth week is 36 weeks. The number of stillbirths is 88, of which 57% (N:50) are Syrian nationals and 42% (N:37) are Turkish nationals. While the number of adolescent pregnancies resulted in birth was 601 in 2015, it increased to 714 in 2016; It decreased to 157 in 2021.Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancy is a significant problem in Türkiye and also common among Syrian refugees. Adolescent pregnancy can have a variety of negative consequences, including health risks for the mother and the baby, as well as social and economic challenges. They are less likely to complete their education, be employed, earn higher wages, and be happily married; they are more likely to have larger families and live in poverty. It is necessary to conduct training programs and adopt decisive strategies. These actions are the most fundamental key to protect the human rights of adolescents.
The aim of the study is to reveal the picture of femicide, which continues to exist as a current problem in Turkey, and to analyze the stalking elements that manifest as a serious threat before the murder. This study is based on the data provided from “Anıt Sayaç / The Monument Counter”.. The “Anıt Sayaç” is a platform that was established on the internet to keep alive the memory of women who died due to violence against women in Turkey, and contains daily updated news on femicide. The women victims have been analyzed under several criteria such as whether they were faced to stalking, by whom the stalking was carried out, which stalking behaviors were, and whether there was a restraining or protection order. As a result the investigation of 1250 femicide in total for the years 2019, 2020 and 2021, it was encountered that 102 women were subjected to being stalked before they were killed. 65% of women exposed to stalking were stalked by a spouse/boyfriend/partner or ex-spouse/ex-boyfriend/ex-partner, and 15% of by someone they knew. It was observed that 22.5% of the 102 women who were subjected to stalking had a restraining or protection order. Most of the women were subjected to stalking by being followed and threatened. As a result, it can be said that the murdered women were subjected to stalking beforehand, this situation constitutes a risk factor for femicide, and the restraining or protection order were insufficient. At this point, it can be stated that policies and practices developed with a holistic approach towards stalking and femicide are important for a solution.
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