Objective This study aimed to evaluate presentations of new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus in a pediatric cohort during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a single-center, descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study. The patients diagnosed with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus between April 1, 2020, and April 1, 2021, were included in the study. The rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reactivity-positivity was investigated. The pandemic period was compared with the same period of the pre-pandemic 2 years in terms of number of new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus patients, rate of presentation with diabetic ketoacidosis, and degree of diabetic ketoacidosis severity. Results: In total, 56 patients were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus during the pandemic and 2 (3.57%) of them tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction. The number of new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus patients was 39 in 2019 and 39 in 2018. The rate of presentation with diabetic ketoacidosis was similar in the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic periods (53.5% in 2020 vs. 56.4% in 2019 and 53.8% in 2018; P = .94). The proportion of severe diabetic ketoacidosis was also similar in all years, respectively (43.3% in 2020 vs. 45.4% in 2019 and 47.6% in 2018; P = .95). Conclusion: We reported only 2 cases that tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2among the new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus patients during the pandemic. Although we found an increase in the number of new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus cases by comparing with prepandemic period, rates of diabetic ketoacidosis and severe diabetic ketoacidosis were similar. There was no finding to suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2taking a part in type 1 diabetes mellitus pathogenesis. Since the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus is a long process, prospective studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate cases referred from the congenital hypothyroidism (CH) newborn screening program.Methods:Infants referred to Pediatric Endocrinology between 30.09.2015 - 01.04.2018 because of suspected CH identified by National Neonatal Screening Program were prospectively evaluated.Results:Of the 109 newborns referred to our clinic, 60 (55%) were diagnosed with elevated neonatal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The diagnosis of elevated neonatal TSH was made in 52 (47.7%) and eight (7.3%) infants at initial evaluation and after follow up, respectively of all referrals with 86.7% (52/60) diagnosed at initial visit. The median first and second heel prick times were 1.8 (0-7) and 8.72 (4-30) days. The median age at starting treatment of the infants diagnosed as a result of initial evaluation was 22.13 (7-53) days. Clinical findings associated with CH were present in 19 (36%) of patients. Etiology in patients diagnosed with elevated neonatal TSH on admission was: agenesis in one (2.08%); ectopia in one (2.08%); hypoplasia in 14 (29.16%); normal gland in situ 16 (33.3%); and hyperplasia in 16 (33.3%). The median time to normalization of TSH and free thyroxine concentrations after treatment initiation was 11.02 (4-30) and 9.03 (3-30) days, respectively.Conclusion:The rate of diagnosis in the first month was found to be 87%. The etiological incidence of both dysgenesis and dyshormonogenesis was equal at 33.3%. The majority of cases with normal thyroid gland will be diagnosed with transient hypothyroidism but some of them may be diagnosed with thyroid dyshormonogenesis so the rate of dyshormonogenesis will increase later after final diagnosis.

No abstract

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate cases referred from congenital hypothyroidism screening program. Methods: Infants referred to Pediatric Endocrinology Polyclinic between 30.09.2015 -01.04.2018 dates, because of suspected congenital hypothyroidism within the scope of Ministry of Health National Neonatal Screening Program were prospectively evaluated.Results:Of the 109 newborns referred to our clinic, 60 (55%) were diagnosed with CH. The diagnosis of CH were both done in 52 (47.7 %) and 8 (7.3 %) infants as a result of the initial evaluation and follow up. The mean first and second heel prick times were 1.8 (0 -7) and 8.72 (4 -30) days. The mean age of the 52 infants whose treatment was initiated as a result of initial evaluation was 22.13 (7 -53) days. There were clinical findings can be releated to hypothyroidism in 19 (%36) patients. There was agenesis in 1 (2.08%) patient, ectopia in 1 (2.08%) patients, hypoplasia in 14 (29.16%) patients, normal gland in 16 (33.3%) patients and hyperplasia in 16 (33.3%) patients diagnosed with CH on admission. TSH and fT4 level normalization time after the treatment was 11.02(4 -30) days and 9.03(3 -30) days, respectively. Conclusion:The rate of diagnosis in the first month was found to be 87%. The mean time of initiation of treatment was 22(7-53) days. Dysgenesis rate was 33.3% and dyshormonogenesis rate was 33.3%. The majority of cases with normal thyroid gland will be diagnosed with transient hypothyroidism but some of them may be diagnosed with thyroid dyshormonogenesis.

Giriş: Şiddetli akut solunum sendromu-koronavirüs-2 (SARS-CoV-2) enfeksiyonu tip 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) tanılı hastalarında karantina nedeni ile zorunlu hareketsiz yaşam, egzersiz programlarının aksamasına, fazla kalori alımına ve glisemik kontrolün kötüleşmesine neden olabilmektedir. Çalışmamızda kliniğimizde tip 1 DM tanısı ile izlenen olguların Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19) pandemisi süresince glisemik kontrolü ve günlük insülin ihtiyaçlarındaki değişiklikleri değerlendirmeyi planlandık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çocuk endokrinoloji kliniğinde tip 1 DM tanısı ile izlenen olguların Türkiye'de ilk COVID-19 olgusunun görüldüğü Mart 2020 tarihinden önceki 1 yıllık ve sonrasındaki 1 yıllık izlem verileri incelendi. Takipte olan 350 olgunun verileri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Çalışma kriterlerine uymayan hastalar çıkarıldıktan sonra geriye kalan 167 olgunun 36'sına bu dönemde insülin pompası takılması nedeni ile ayrıca değerlendirildi. Sonuç olarak 131 hastanın dosyaları, glikolize hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) değerleri ve günlük insülin dozları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Olguların boy, boy standart deviasyon skoru (SDS), vücut ağırlığı, vücut ağırlığı SDS, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ), ve VKİ SDS değerlerinde pandemi öncesine göre anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. Glisemik kontrolde (HbA1c değerinde) kötüleşme saptanmadı (p=0,16). Pandemi öncesine göre olguların ortalama günlük insülin dozu anlamlı olarak artmıştı (p<0,001). On iki yaş altı ve üstü gruplarda glisemik kontrolde kötüleşme gözlenmezken günlük insülin dozlarında artış saptandı (sırasıyla; p=0,620/0,180; p=0,003/0,004). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda olguların HbA1c düzeylerinde pandemi öncesine göre anlamlı artış saptanmamıştır. Bu hastalara tam kapanma döneminde dahi teletıp ile hizmet verilmesine bağlanmıştır. Ancak hastaların hareketsiz olmaları nedeni ile iyi glisemik kontrolü sağlayabilmek için insülin dozlarının artırılması gerekmiştir. Sonuç olarak, çalışmamız pandemi döneminde standart diyabet bakımının devamlılığının sağlanması halinde glisemik kontrolde bozulma olmayacağı gösterilmiştir.