Every year the Republic of Croatia, especially in its south part in Dalmatia, faces forest fire risks. The weather is exceptionally conducive to fires, so the main period of fire occurrences is between June and October, characterized by long lasting dry and warm weather with temperatures over 30°C. Research carried out by the authors in 1997 and 2012 have pointed to the fact that human impact is the main cause of ignition. This paper presents an overview of the total number of fires in the period from 1998 to 2012, with the emphasis on forest and woodland fires in the Croatian region of Dalmatia. Data on the situation in Dalmatia refer to the situation in the areas of responsibility of four Dalmatian Police Administrations. Analysis is based on official data of the Croatian Ministry of the Interior and the report of the National councillor for managing and controlling forest fires. The authors have analysed the frequency of forest fires in Dalmatia in a period of fourteen years (1998-2012) comparing it with the previous period, 1989-1996. The results that the authors have obtained reveal how forest fires most commonly (2/3) break out during the warm part of a day, from 09.00 until 18.00 hours in the warm period of the year. Particularly vulnerable are the forests of Aleppo pines and maquis being mostly thermal forests, whilst in the south of the country the forests of Holm oak (Quercus ilex) and English oak (Quercus robur) are at the highest risk. Reforesting of burned areas is very slow and Croatia has been far behind in reforesting in the continental part of the country.
The paper analyses the transformation of rural settlements in the area of the City of Mostar. It covers all 56 settlements that are grouped according to the criteria of distance from the central urban settlement and the altitude at which they are located. Eight spatial regions of various sizes and characteristics are identified accordingly. Economic, socio-cultural, infrastructural and demographic criteria are included in further analysis. Economic and social structure of individual settlements is also established. Considering that the second half of the twentieth century was the period of industrial development and urbanisation, and thereby intensive processes of depopulation and deagrarisation of rural areas, the authors believe that it was during this period that the transformation was most intense.
U radu se analiziraju postignuća učenika osmih razreda te završnih razreda gimnazija i četverogodišnjih strukovnih škola iz domene geografija Hrvatske. Ostvareni rezultati na ispitima vanjskoga vrednovanja komparirani su kroz dvodimenzionalnu matricu: osnovna škola-srednja škola, 2008.-1988. Na kraju primarnog obrazovanja prosječna razina učeničkih postignuća o geografskom položaju i smještaju, prirodnogeografskim i društvenogeografskim obilježjima Republike Hrvatske jest 49,1%, a na kraju sekundarnog obrazovanja 47,9%. Ostvarena razina postignuća niža za 1,2 postotna poena na kraju sekundarnog obrazovanja nije statistički značajna, no s obzirom na selektirani uzorak i očekivani kumulativni učinak učenja i poučavanja rezultat je prenizak. U radu se analiziraju rezultati za sadržajno potpuno usporedive ispitne čestice i potvrđuje spoznaja da nema kumulativnog učinka ni napretka u razini postignuća primjenom novoga nastavnog programa. Također se iznose rezultati istraživanja stavova učenika o geografiji kao nastavnom predmetu u osnovnoj školi provedenih 1988., 2003. i 2008. Ključne riječi: državna matura, geografija Hrvatske, vanjsko vrednovanje, postignuća učenika Pupils' Achievements in the Geography of Croatia at External Evaluation Exams and their Perceptions of Geography as a Subject in Elementary School The paper analyses the achievements in the Geography of Croatia among 8th Grade Elementary School pupils, and the final grades at comprehensive schools and four-year vocational schools. The results of the external evaluation exams were compared through the two dimensional matrix: elementary school-secondary school, 2008-1988. At the end of primary education, the average level of pupils' achievements on the geographical position, natural-geographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the Republic of Croatia was 49.1% and 47.9% at the end of the Secondary education. The realized level of achievements that was by 1.2% lower at the end of the Secondary education is not statistically significant but, in relation to the selected sample and the expected cumulative impact of learning and teaching, the result is too low. The paper analyses results for the comprehensive completely comparable test items and confirms the notion that there is no cumulative effect, and that no progress in the level of achievements is made by using the new teaching curriculum. The paper also presents the result of researches conducted in 1988, 2003 and 2008 on pupils' opinions on Geography as a subject in Elementary school.
Janjevci, one of the oldest ethnic groups of Croats, have lived in Kosovo for seven centuries, outside their mother country, among the majority of Serbs and Albanians. However, geographical isolation of their settlements, uninterrupted connections with their mother country (The Republic of Dubrovnik), and strong influence of the Roman Catholic Church have prevented their assimilation into a wider community. Crafts and trade were the principal occupations of Janjevo population, which have survived even after their emigration from Kosovo. The most important destination of emigrants from Kosovo was Croatia, especially its capital Zagreb. Since 1970s, East Zagreb with its small family houses has become their main colony, where they have been building houses, opening stores and workshops. Their accommodation to the new environment did not go very smoothly; in fact it was very troublesome, since patriarchal and traditional family relationships have survived up to the present day. The woman is still considered as a housewife and a mother, and woman's education is poorer than the man's education. However, new generations try to integrate into this new environment, but the result is the loss of their old speech, customs and their own culture, due to intensive assimilation process. In this way, they also lose a part of their own identity.
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