Objective. To explore the hypothesis that bruxism is a mechanism in hysteria by comparing features in hysteria, bruxism, hostility, and local complaints in bruxers. Method. We evaluated 33 patients with mild bruxism, 52 with moderate, 55 with severe, and 42 with extreme bruxism with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Index and the Cook-Medley scale for hostility. Results. Scores of hysteria and hostility increased from the mild to the moderate, severe, and extreme bruxism subgroup (p<0.0001). Mean local complaints increased with the severity of bruxism and with scores of hysteria (p><0.0001). The group that presented higher scores in both hysteria and hostility and greater local complaints as compared to two groups, low hysteria and high hostility, and low hysteria and hostility (p><0.003). Conclusion. Scores in hysteria e hostility increased with the severity of bruxism, and the number of local complaints increased with scores in hysteria and severe bruxism, suggesting that bruxism may be a hysterical mechanism in temporomandibular disorders/bruxing behavior patients>
de 11,8, 9,6 e 16,3 no grupo com bruxismo e Distúrbios temporomandibulares e de 2,6, 4,8, e 10,4 no controle (Somatização entre os dois grupos p<0,0001 e para dissociação p<0,0001). Os valores em somatização e dissociação foram de 9,6 e 16,3 (grupo experimental p<0,0001) e 4,8 e 10,4 (grupo controle p<0,0001), . Os valores em somatização (6,2, 9,6, 10,7, e 11,8 p=0,0001) e dissociação (10,6,16,4,15,2 e 27,1 p=0,0001) aumentaram no bruxismo mais intensamente que no grupo experimental. Bruxismo, somatisação e dissociação apresentaram correlação positiva. A prevalência de dissociação intensa foi de 16.8%. Conclusão. Os valores em somatização e dissociação nos pacientes com DTMS foram mais altos do que nos controles. As frequências de somatisação e dissociação aumentaram no bruxismo mais intenso. Unitermos ABSTRACTObjective. To assess the frequency of somatisation/dissociation in bruxers and temporomandibular disorders patients, to evaluate the frequencies of somatization and dissociation and to correlates with bruxism Method. We evaluated the the questionnaires for TMDs/ bruxism, clinical examination, the Rief and Hiller´s questionnaire, and the Bernstein and Putnam´s instrument in 137 bruxers (123 female, mean age 35.3) and 31 controls (20 female, mean age 34.9) Sign and symptoms of joint noises, facial or temporomandibular joint pain, tenderness to palpation, difficulties to perform jaw movements, and joint noises were evaluated. Results. Mean scores in bruxism, somatisation and dissociation in bruxers /TMDs were 11. 8, 9.6 and 16.3, and 2,6, 4,8 and 10,4 in the controls. Somatisation and dissociation scores in TMDs and controls were about 9,6 and 16,3 (p=0.0001) and 4,8 and 10,4 (p<0.0001). Scores in somatisation (6,2, 9,6, 10,7, and 11,8; p<0.0001) and dissociation (10,6, 16,4, 15,2, and 27.1; p<0.0001) increased with severer bruxism). Bruxism, Somatisation, and dissociation were positively correlated. The frequency of dissociation was about 16,8. Conclusions. Somatization and dissociation scores in TMD individuals were higher as compared to control ones. The frequencies of somatisation and dissociation increased more severe bruxism, and were positive correlated.
Objective. To test the hypothesis that otalgia occurs frequently in CMDs patients and increases with the severity of Temporomandibular internal derangements (TMJ-IDs). Method. 221 CMDs patients and two control groups were evaluated. We used clinical examination, questionnaires, biomechanical tests and established criteria for TMJ-IDs. Individuals were allocated to TMJ-ID groups to compare otalgia frequencies. Following assessment of frequency of otalgia in the CMD group, individuals were allocated to TMJ-ID subgroups with capsulitis, retrodiskal pain, disk-attachment pain, arthralgia and osteoarthritis (OA). Results. Otalgia frequency was higher in CMDs patients than in the two control groups and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001 and p><0.003). Otalgia frequency increased with the severity of TMJ-IDs (Chi-square trend analysis p><0.0001). Frequency of otalgia was higher in the disk attachment pain, arthralgia and osteoarthritis subgroups. Conclusion. The frequency of otalgia was higher in CMDs and increases with the severity of TMJ-ID. Those presenting more severe TMJ-IDs demonstrated higher frequencies of otalgia. The results of this study suggest a relationship between disk displacement, stages of internal joint derangements, pain and TMJ otalgia.>
Bruxism is an oral pnenomenon described as a parafunctional activity involving nocturnal and/or diurnal tooth clenching and/or grinding which may cause teeth wearing, fatigue, pain in the muscles and temporomandibular joints and limitations in mandibular movements. Objective: To classify bruxers in four different subgroups. Material and methods: Evaluation of 162 individuals presenting temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) referred consecutively over a period of six years. Chief complaint, history of signs/symptoms and clinical examination were used to gather data. Individuals were classified as TMDs if they were seeking active treatment for the following complaints: pain in the masticatory muscles and/or temporomandibular joints (TMJs), difficulties to perform normal jaw movements, tenderness to palpation of muscle and joints, joint noises and. Patients were classified as mild, moderate, severe and extreme bruxers if they presented 3 to 5, 6 to 10, 11 to 15 or 16 to 25 signs and symptoms of bruxing behavior, respectively. Data was submitted to Chi-square for independence and Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.05). Results: Frequencies of 16.1%, 29.6%, 31.5% and 22.8% of mild, moderate, severe and extreme bruxing behavior were found in this study. Moderate and severe bruxing behavior occurred more frequently than mild and extreme bruxing behavior (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The four groups of bruxers occurred more or less frequently in this study and mild and extreme bruxing behavior demonstrated the lowest frequencies of such behavior.
Objectives: Review the literature on psychogenic face or head pain, develop a diagnostic questionnaire for psychogenic head and face pain and present three clinical cases presenting psychogenic pain. Material and Methods: Review of 18 papers on psychogenic pain to develop a diagnostic questionnaire with questions to be answered by patients that presented these three clinical cases. Results: The common things observed in three patients presenting psychogenic pain were higher scores in bruxing behavior, depression, somatization, severe pain and the presence of psychic conflict. Conclusions: Various types of other face and headaches occur in subjects with psychogenic face and head pain. Psychogenic pain individuals usually present severe pain associated with depression. Psychic conflict, somatization and depression are usually associated with psychogenic pain.
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