Objective The objectives of this study were to identify community pharmacist (CP)‐led cognitive services and CPs’ precautions taken related to COVID‐19, perceived enablers and barriers related to pharmaceutical services and burnout levels during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Method In this descriptive study, the survey was administered online to CPs in all regions of Turkey. The frequency of their provision of patient counselling, provision of medication information and practices towards precautions during the pandemic were evaluated based on CP self‐reports. The Turkish version of the Burnout Measure Short Form was used, and a 30‐item questionnaire based on the 12‐domain Theoretical Domains Framework was developed to determine CPs’ perceived enablers of and barriers to pharmaceutical service delivery during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Data were collected using convenience sampling methods. Besides internal consistency reliability, principal component analysis, and correlation analysis, Mann‐Whitney U ‐test was conducted in group comparisons. Results A total of 1098 complete responses were received, for a response rate of 4.11% among 26 747 CPs. The CPs’ median burnout score was 3.3 (2.5‐4.2). More than half of the CPs (54.5%) referred probable patients with COVID‐19 to the hospital. Commonly delivered cognitive CP‐led services included preventive health services (89.5%) and medication information services (86.3%). Perceived barriers to delivering pharmaceutical services were a lack of environmental resources and support and a lack of innovation in pharmaceutical services. Perceived enablers were CPs’ knowledge, skills, self‐confidence, actions, impacts, emotions and perceived behavioural control. Conclusion To increase the preparedness of pharmacists for future pandemics or disasters, this study highlighted CP‐led cognitive services, precautions taken related to COVID‐19, perceived enablers and barriers and burnout during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Pharmaceutical services guidelines that could be followed during a pandemic or other disaster should be designed by addressing these findings.
Background The Family Caregiver Medication Administration Hassles Scale (FCMAHS) was developed to evaluate the hassles and concerns experienced by family caregivers in medication administration. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Family Caregiver Medication Administration Hassles Scale (FCMAHS-TR). Methods The FCMAHS-TR was developed after translation, cultural adaptation, and a pilot study. The cross-sectional study was conducted among family caregivers (≥18 years) in community pharmacies. Test–retest reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed. Hypothesis testing was used for the assessment of construct validity. Results The majority (68.7%) of the family caregivers were female (n = 470). In the test–retest reliability analysis (n = 30), the ICC value was 0.917 (P < 0.001). In EFA analysis (n = 251), the Kaiser‒Meyer‒Olkin (KMO) measure was 0.799, 62.6% of the total variance was explained by five factors including eighteen items, and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.836. According to CFA (n = 219), the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.0654, and the comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.918. In construct validity, family caregivers with low reading ability of health-related materials and with high care burden had significantly higher median scores for all the factors of the FCMAHS-TR (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusions The FCMAHS-TR can be used to evaluate the hassle and concerns experienced by family caregivers in medication administration. This scale can be used by healthcare professionals to identify family caregivers who need individualized interventions for medication administration hassles.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.