Favorable effects of exercise training on cardiovascular prognosis have been reported repeatedly in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). However, little is known about the cardiovascular rehabilitation effects in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study has evaluated the benefits of combined aerobic-resistance training in two groups of patients -diabetics and non-diabetics -after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Changes in exercise capacity parameters, resting cardiovascular and anthropometrical parameters were evaluated in 77 patients who completed 12-weeks of combined aerobic-resistance training: 32 patients with DM2 (DM) and 45 patients without DM2 (NDM). Significant improvements in exercise capacity (total peak workload [W peak ], peak workload per kg of body weight [W peak /kg], total peak oxygen uptake [V O 2peak ], peak oxygen uptake per kg of body weight [V O 2peak /kg]) were found in both DM and NDM ( p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). The decrease in resting heart rate (HR rest ), resting systolic (SBP rest ) resting diastolic (DBP rest ) blood pressures, body weight (BW) and BMI in the DM group was not statistically significant. However, there was a statistically significant decrease in SBP rest , BW and BMI in the NDM group. In conclusion, this study demonstrated similar beneficial effects of combined cardiovascular training on exercise capacity in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our results suggest that the combined cardiac training is well tolerated and useful in secondary prevention in patients with DM2 and CAD. type 2 diabetes mellitus; cardiac rehabilitation; aerobic-resistance training; exercise capacity. Coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity (Donahue and Orchard 1992;Haffner et al. 1998;Laakso 1999;Hu et al. 2005) in Western countries. These patients have 2 to 4 times higher risk of cardiovascular diseases as compared with individuals without diabetes mellitus. Moreover, the progno-

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