BACKGROUND: Thyroid swellings are a common clinical presentation. The distribution of benign lesions from malignant lesions cannot be made by clinical judgment. The pathological lesions need morphological workup, Fine Needle Aspirations (FNA) being one of the cornerstones. Its limitations are sample inadequacy, low cytomorphologic details and architectural insights with overlapping of cytological features. Cell block is a diagnostic method where material for morphologic evaluation is well recognized as it increases cellular yield, thus improves diagnostic accuracy. It provides excellent cytomorphologic details in concert with architectural insight with much more diagnostic efficacy, thus obviates repeat FNA. AIMS: To analyze the diagnostic utility of cell blocks on thyroid aspirates by taking the histopathological findings as the gold standard and statistically analyzed for diagnostic efficacy of cell block. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study design was hospital based cross-sectional study. Ninety FNAC samples were taken and cell block was prepared using Tissue Thromboplastic method. Cell Block findings were analyzed by looking at the arrangement of follicular cells size, acini, nuclear cytoplasmic characteristics, colloid, stroma, inflammatory cells, malignant cells, psammoma bodies, haemorrhage, necrosis, calcification, fibrosis, amyloid or any other relevant findings. RESULTS: Out of the 90 cases, 69 cases (76.67%) were diagnosed as Non neoplastic lesions and 21cases (23.33%) as Neoplastic. Of the Non-neoplastic cases, colloid goiter was the commonest, (64.44%). Among the Neoplastic lesions Follicular adenoma was the commonest (11.11%). Histopathologically, out of the 47 cases, Non-neoplastic lesions were 32 cases (68.09%) and neoplastic lesions 15 cases (31.91%). Colloid goiter was the commonest thyroid lesion (53.19%). In Neoplastic lesions Follicular adenoma cases was the commonest (21.28%).There was 0 False Negative case and 2 cases of False Positive in our series. CONCLUSION: Cell block technique showed to be highly effective with high sensitivity and specificity and could be utilized as a cost effective diagnostic tool in the armamentarium of diagnostic work up in the patients with thyroid lesions.
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