Since December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly emerged on a global scale. Many factors have influenced the spread of COVID-19. This research studies the sociodemographic and environmental health risk factors associated with COVID-19. The study used an ecological study design with subdistricts as its unit of analysis. The total population was 44 subdistricts. Data analysis used correlation and linear regression tests. The study results showed that the average COVID-19 incident rate in Jakarta is 99.8 per 10,000 population. Risk factors for the spread of COVID-19 were associated with population's high level of education (B = 3.094, p value<0.001), population density (B = 0.275, p value = 0.029), and slum area (B = 0.404, p value<0.001). The main risk factor for the spread of COVID-19 in Jakarta is high level of education, which can reflect a higher economic status to the population and a tendency to be more mobile. The government needs to enforce a mobility restriction to lessen the spread of COVID-19.

Waste management is an important part to achieve green and sustainable campus. This study aims to evaluate waste management implementation in higher education. The methodology used in this study is a cross sectional with a non-probabilistic sampling. Data were collected using a well-structured evaluation instrument through an online focus group discussion, document review and evidence of implementation. The evaluation instrument consists of 10 elements: waste management policy, resource availability, waste segregation, waste collection, temporary waste storage, handling of general and hazardous waste, personal protective equipment (PPE), waste segregation awareness educational program, and evaluation on waste management. There were 15 faculties/schools/program were participated. Data was analysed using univariate analysis, radar plot representation, Box and Whiskers plot analysis. The level of waste management implementation amongst faculties /schools/program was varied between 52% to 98%. Higher education needs to evaluate waste management implementation and established a systematic environmental awareness program to achieve sustainability development goals (SDGs). The mean score ranking from highest to lowest level: personal protective equipment (5.6) to evaluation of waste management implementation (3.2). Indeed, to ensure a comprehensive general waste management, it was suggested that higher education need to build a centralized waste collection facility, a chemical waste treatment and competence personnel for handling laboratory waste.

No abstract

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) ranks first in the ten most frequent diseases occurring in Allakuang Village during the last five years. The physical conditions and the density of pollution inside houses are risk factors that cause ARI. Homemakers are particularly vulnerable to ARI because most of their time is spent inside their houses. The aim of this study is to determine the factors that affect the incidence of ARI among homemakers, including the physical condition of the house (temperature, humidity, lighting, ventilation, ceiling condition, floor, walls, and the location of the kitchen), the pollutants inside the house (PM 10 , cooking fuel, tobacco smoke, and smoke mosquito coils), and the number of occupants. The sample used in this cross-sectional study comprised 103 homemakers. The analysis was conducted using chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests. The results showed that several factors had significant correlations with ARI, such as PM 10 concentration, the type of cooking fuel, and the use of mosquito coils. Furthermore, the results of the multivariate analysis showed that the most influential factor that caused ARI was the type of cooking fuel. Homemakers who used firewood and kerosene as their cooking fuel were47times more at risk of suffering ARI compared with those who used gas fuel.Hence, people are recommended to reduce the use of cooking fuel that produces smoke, to the kitchen from the family room, and to eliminate the use of mosquito coils.

.