Currently, advanced technological hardware can offer mobile devices which fits in the hand with a capacity to consult documents at anytime and anywhere. Multiple user context constraints as well as mobile device capabilities may involve the adaptation of multimedia content. In this article, the authors propose a new graph-based method for adapting multimedia documents in complex situations. Each contextual situation could correspond to a physical handicap and therefore triggers an adaptation action using ontological reasoning. Consequently, when several contextual situations are identified, this leads to multiple disabilities and may give rise to inconsistency between triggered actions. Their method allows modeling relations between adaptation-actions to select the compatible triggerable ones. In order to evaluate the feasibility and the performance of their proposal, an experimental study has been made on some real scenarios. When tested and compared with some existing approaches, their proposal showed improvements according to various criteria.
This work aims to propose a system for the Algerian Fatawa House in orderto facilitate the task of the Expert Mufti who is responsible of giving fatawa for Algerian people inquiries. In fact, as this house is recent and does not have sufficient human resources, it is difficult to satisfy all inquiries coming daily, this leads the askers to wait for a long time before getting answers. The proposed system allows the askers to express concerns they may have. By using a case-based reasoning mechanism combined with ontology domain, the system tries to retrieve similar cases from the knowledge base. In the casewhere the response already exists, the system immediately provides the answer to the askers. Otherwise, an inquery is automatically formulated and sent to the expert Mufti-which is a certified scholar-in order either to validate the generated response by the system or give a new answer. Such a question-answering system may be very helpful for askers to get their answers faster since it allows both the storage of previous <em>fatawas</em> and their retrieval for processing coming inquiries. To validate our proposal, we rely on <em>fatawas</em> concerning the Islamic finance and banking transactions domain. Overall, the results are encouraging and satisfactory.
Nowadays, multimedia documents are omnipresent at any time from and to any devices. However, mobile devices heterogeneity and the various contexts of the user require their adaptation. In this context, the existing systems transform contents to comply with the target constraints. Nevertheless, the current solutions do not exploit the profile semantic benefits to reason upon the context for assisting the adaptation. Furthermore, there is no work that care of adapting HTML pages containing CSS and changing in time, where time specification is declarative (e.g. by means of timesheets). This paper provides an adaptation approach called “Handicap-based Multimedia Adaptation” (HaMA), in which each context constraint corresponds to handicap types in order to discover adaptation services. Thus, a generic ontology is introduced to reason upon the context and then deduces the corresponding handicap in order to infer the suitable adaptation guideline. Also, we propose a method for selecting appropriate services with respect to quality criteria. To validate HaMA, scenarios were implemented.
The requests of the companies for the development and deployment of their business-applications in Cloud become more complex so that, sometimes, a one single service cannot carry out the target task on its own. Hence, a user-request is provided as a composite service. On another note, the number of available services is significantly increasing. Therefore, the authors would need to find the optimal cloud service-compositions that satisfy the quality of service values as well as user requirements. The methods proposed in literature for composing cloud services do not consider the composition and deployment constraints of candidate cloud services. This paper presents a novel optimization-based approach for building business-application in Cloud. The proposed approach combines the particle swarm optimization algorithm with some principles of ant colony optimization algorithm to deal with multiple QoS parameters, but also to satisfy the composition and deployment constraints of cloud services. The experimental results show the efficiency of the method for all tests instances.
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