Arabic is a second language for the non-native, there were several methods for learning and teaching Arabic which different from the learning and teaching methods of first language. The difficulty of understanding Arabic listening, speaking, reading, and writing is not due to the language itself. Complete it, because every language in the world is difficult in its various capacities and may return to the method used. The way letters are written in Arabic is different in Latin with written spelling rules. The writing skill is one of the language production skills, and the production skill has the most difficulty of reception skills. This research aims to reveal and translate educational standards of writing skill in Arabic for non-native speakers in light of the common European reference framework for language education focused on the two levels (A1 and A2). The researcher dives deep into the sea of the European reference framework to extract a festival of writing skill levels for beginners by descriptive analytical method. The researcher collected information on the common European reference framework for language education and analyzes the general standards in Arabic language teaching by translating levels of writing skill. Several results were presented to us with a model of educational goals table, writing skill, that facilitates curriculum development in educational institutions. The curriculum that defines the method, means, and tests used in educational activities
Quran is a scripture that was revealed in the last 15 centuries. Each letter, word, verse, and sura contains a perfect and beautiful pattern. Each pattern in the Quran has significant meaning to be studied. Generally, the study of the Quranic pattern has been carried out. However, there is no specific study of the word-based pattern in the Quran especially the word basar. Furthermore, existing Quranic translations have not taken into account the contextual meaning of a word in their translation. Hence, this study aims to examine the basar word pattern in surah al-Isra’, analyze the meaning of the word basar and classify it based on the thematic approach. This paper is a conceptual work paper using qualitative methods and content analysis methods based on the thematic approach. The findings of the study show that there are 8 repetitions of the word basar in surah al-Isra’. The finding of this study also found that each word basar has different meanings based on the derivation and the contextual meaning of each verse. Such special understanding should be examined more broadly on the words contained in the Quran, especially the existing Quranic translations do not take this approach in their translation.
The current knowledge of Arabic grammar was not structurally studied in Jāhiliyyah period and early Islamic periods by companions of Prophet Muhammad PBUH. The Arab spoke their language fluently without any linguistic barriers in their tongue. The Arabic grammar was introduced after Islam was being spread among non-Arab in neighboring countries. Muslim scholars began to protect Arabic language principles from misused by non-Arab speakers through compiling Arabic grammar from Arabian tribes and Bedouins in the Middle of Arabian Peninsula, the original homeland of the Arab people. Among the prominent Arabic grammarian scholars in 8th century of Hijrah was al-Syāṭibi. While writing his great Arabic grammar book, al-Maqāṣid as-Syāfiyyah li Syarḥi Alfiyyah Ibn Malik, he criticized other scholars' arguments and formed his own opinions. In addition al-Syāṭibi also did not follow any school of thoughts without any arguments or proofs. This paper aims to analyze the al-Syāṭibi's opinion on the possibility of using dual or plural form on verbal noun or gerund. Analytical method was employed by comparing grammarians' opinions from various type of books. The convincing arguments were used in the judgement by using strong opinions. The result showed that al-Syāṭibi agreed on the possibility of using dual or plural form on verbal noun. It was supported by az-Zajjaji and Ibn Malik's opinion in their books.
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