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This study was performed in isolation of some pathogenic fungi from milk of apparently healthy cows. Eighty milk samples were collected from four quarters of twenty cows in the Abu Ghraib. Each sample was cultured on Sabouraud dextrose Agar at 28±2 ºC for 4-7 days. The most predominant mold and yeast were Acremonium spp. and Rhodotorula spp. that had used in the experimental infection. The number of experimental mice used in this study was 30 which divided into three equal groups. The 1 st group was infected with Acremonium spp. by injection of 0.2 ml of 2*10 7 conidia/ml intraperitoneally. The 2 nd group was inoculated with same dose and route with Rhodotorula spp., while the 3 rd group served as control group. All mice were sacrificed after 2 weeks of injection, Serum was obtained for biochemical analysis of hepatic and renal enzymes. Some of internal organs of infected groups were taken for histopathological study. The result recorded that the total percentage of fungal infection was 53 (66.3%) of these Acremonium spp. 9 (24.3%) and Rhodotorula spp. 7 (43.8%). Histopathological sections of the 1 st group showed severe lesions in kidney than 2 nd group although both groups showed lesions in most internal organs. Blood biochemical results showed the yeast has highest significant differences on ALT levels, while the mold has highest effect on serum creatinine, with insignificant difference on urea. In conclusion it could be said that in spite of Acremonium spp. and Rhodotorula spp. are considered as contaminant fungi, but they can cause disseminated mycosis in mice.

This study was designed to evaluate the anticancer, effects of the ethanolic (EE), cold aqueous (CAE), and hot aqueous (HAE) extracts of Sonchus oleraceus on cancer cell lines (in vitro). In vitro study was performed on three cancer cell lines (murine mammary adenocarcinoma AMN-3 cell line, laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cell line) and rat embryogenic fibroblast (REF) as normal cell line. Periods of exposure of cell lines were measured at 24, 48, and 72-hr in a microtitration plate under complete sterile conditions. Different concentrations starting from (78.125 to 10000) μg/ml of two fold dilution for each extract were prepared and tested on each cell line, with three replicates for each concentration. The three extracts showed concentration and time dependence with growth inhibitory effects, and the highest effect was obtained from ethanolic extract at higher concentrations after 48 hr. of exposures on both AMN3 and Hep-2 cell lines, while the cytotoxic effect of both cold aqueous and hot aqueous extracts on AMN-3 and Hep-2 cell lines exhibited that the higher concentrations gave a significantly (P<0.05) and the higher inhibition growth rate of cells were increased at 24 hrs.Conclusion: These results suggest that the cytotoxic concentrations of Sonchus oleraceus extracts showed variation in values among cell lines according to cell types in vitro.

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     This study is designed to diagnosis blood Toxoplasmosis in human (women and men) and sheep (male and female) by using Elisa test; as well histopathological examination of heart, liver and lung     of sheep were also done, internal organs were also obtained heart, liver and lung. Women diagnosis was performed by collection 96 samples from aborted women ageing from 15-45 years and divided into three groups; first group 15-25 years involved 50 sample, second group 25-35 years include 37 samples; and the third group 35-45 years included 9 samples. The results of Elisa test showed six positive of IgG, (two for each group) and one positive IgM for the second group, a significant (P<0.05) difference in the first and third groups between IgG and IgM was found. The total percentage of the infection 4, 8.1and 22.2 for the first, second and third groups respectively, and Total of 96 blood samples were collected from men with different chronic diseases and were divided into four groups, (first, second and third) each containing 25 samples and suffering from Thalasemia, renal failure and cancer respectively; of them 21 samples collected from normal men as fourth control group. The results of Elisa diagnostic test indicated 9, 9, 7 and 2 positive of IgG for first, second, third and fourth groups respectively, and 1, 2, 0 and 1 positive of IgM. The total percentage of Toxoplasmosis infection 38.4, 44, 28 and 14.28 for the first, second, third and fourth groups respectively, with a difference between them except the second group appeared significantly P(0.05). 92 samples of sheep blood were collected from male 46 and 46 female. The results of Toxoplasmosis showed one case positive IgG for female and one for male only. The histopathological examination of sheep positive case with chronic infection revealed pathological changes in the organs, the heart showed multiple variable sizes of parasite cysts embedded and scatter between cardiac muscle fibers, in addition to aggregation of inflammatory cells around the blood vessels forming nests of inflammatory cells with congestion of blood vessels in liver and lung. In conclusion that the infection with Toxoplasmosis in Kut city revealed the percentage of infection in men more than the aborted women, also it reported few cases of infection in sheep.