Background: For a small but significant group, pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain may become persistent. While multiple factors may lead to post-partum disabilities’ such as kinesiphobia sleep disturbance, body perception or mindfulness. Objective: To explore the frequency of kinesiophobia in pregnancy related low back pain. Methodology: The Cross sectional study was conducted on n=97 pregnant women in 3rd trimester presenting to gynaecology outpatient department of Ghurki Trust and Teaching hospital from August 2016 to January 2017 were included in the study through non probability convenient sampling technique. All women were experiencing low back pain in their third trimester of pregnancy. Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was used to determine pain whereas; the kinesiophobia was assessed by using Tampa scale of kinesiophobia (TSK). The mean ± standard deviation, frequency and percentages were used for description of result. SPSS Ver. 20 was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of n=97 pregnant women having low back pain was 29.45±5.87 years Results showed that, n=18(18.6%) patients represented high level of kinesiophobia while n=52 (53.6%) and n=27 (27.8%) had moderate and low levels of kinesiophobia respectively. The result also showed strong positive correlation between pain and level of kinesiophobia (rs=0.708, p<0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that all women those having low back pain in 3rd trimester also has kinesiophobia. The level of LBP highly contributes in kinesiophobia. Keywords: Kinesiophobia, lumbo pelvic pain, pregnant women, postpartum depression.
Background and Aim: Elderly patients have reduced lung capacity and decrease respiratory functions due to aging process Different positioning techniques contribute in airway clearance of patients and increase in oxygen saturation level. Therefore, this study aims to find out best intervention to improve dyspnea, level of exertion and quality of life of post COVID elderly group of patients. Methodology: Study Design & Sampling technique: Randomized clinical trial and non-probability convenient sampling technique with sealed envelope Randomization. Study Setting & Participants: National Hospital and Medical Centre-DHA Lahore and 48 patients. The sample size of 48 patients was taken in this study to find the effect of postural drainage and deep breathing exercises. Patients were divided into two groups. Steam was given to both groups as a common treatment. Group A was treated with postural drainage and steam while Group B was treated with deep breathing exercises and steam. Modified Borg‘s Dyspnea, pulse oximetry and RPE scale is used for scoring. Intervention or data collection tools: Postural drainage and deep breathing exercises in 2 groups. Pulse oximetry. The Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale and Perceived exertion scale were tools. Outcome measures: oxygen level, severity of dyspnea and level of exertion. Results: Mean±S.D of patients in Postural drainage was 58.96±6.24 and in deep breathing 59.33±6.38 .pulse oximetery pre value 3.50±0.51, 3.25±0.61 in postural drainage and deep breathing respectively while post values were 1.50±0.59 and 2.25±0.68. For MBD scale pre value was 7.33±0.92, 6.92±1.14in postural drainage and deep breathing respectively while post values were 1.75±1.03and 4.84±0.82 and PES pre value was 6.87±0.81, 4.42±1.10 in postural drainage and deep breathing respectively while post values were 2.42±1.10 and 2.54±1.32 Conclusion: Postural drainage was more effective than deep breathing exercises on dyspnea, oxygen saturation and level of exertion in elderly of post covid-19 patient
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