O63] Should calcaneal fractures be treated operatively or nonoperatively?Introduction: The management of calcaneal fractures is an issue of debate. Management involves operative and nonoperative treatment for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACF). The aim of this review was to decide which method of management is more effective.Methods: A systematic review was performed to assess the available evidence.Search: Cochrane and Medline databases--limited to meta-analyses; randomized clinical (RCT) and multi-centre trials involving humans in English language.The studies from October 1998 until present date were included (since the last systematic review in Cochrane database).Results: The search revealed 23 papers, of which 6 papers were eligible and critically analyzed to assess the level of evidence. There were four randomized clinical trials, one meta-analysis and one multi-centre case-control study.The four RCTs revealed that there was no overall difference in outcomes (p = 0.001) between the groups. Operative results were better in females (RR = 3.18), patients with lighter workloads (RR = 4.04) and if patient not receiving Worker's Compensation (p = 0.01) with fewer complications in these groups. All four studies had limited power to substantiate these conclusions. The meta-analysis included poor studies with no validated outcome measures and the multi-centre trial was poorly designed with unreliable results.Conclusion: There are limitations is all the current available evidence concerning the management of calcaneal fractures. The current evidence suggests that there is no overall difference in outcomes between operative and non-operative management. There may be a benefit for operative treatment for females, young males, patients not making compensation claims and those with less severe fractures with higher Böhler angles with jobs involving a light to moderate workload.
Sciatica is a frequently encountered leg pain that originates in the human lower back and travels down the buttocks through the large sciatic nerve present in the back of the leg. Due to lifting heavy loads at different angles, the humans could acquire sciatica at different levels. Thus, the reason of using biomechanical model was to mimic the human spine in such a way that the increased force while lifting the load could easily be measured. This could help to beware the humans to not lifting load at these angles. This paper presents the findings of an experiment conducted to measure the increased forces at 6 different angles i.e. 95°, 105°, 115°, 125°, 135° and 145°. Experiments were carried out by connecting the model and a load cell with PASCO CAPSTONE. Results were concluded using both statistical and graphical analysis. The resultant force increased as the angle of bending was increased due to increased load on the back model. Stair climbing is one of the unique exercises which is frequently used and helps in maintaining the leg muscles active and healthy.
The research aim at identifying the effect of rehabilitation program using stretching exercises (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation) PNF in rotator cuff partial tear in female volleyball players according to functional variables. The researchers used the experimental method on (9) volleyball players with partial tear in the rotator cuff. They used the experimental method and the data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude significant differences between pre and posttests in heart pulse, blood pressure, and muscle mass percentage. Finally the researchers recommended using stretching to facilitated PNF in rehabilitating rotor cuff as well as using these exercises have a positive role in healing all functional variables to their normal state.
The researchers aimed at designing a rehabilitation program using stretching exercises and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF). The researchers used the experimental methods on (9) young volleyball players to conclude that stretching exercises have a good effect on PNF rehabilitation in rotator cuff injury according to the anthropometric measurement for volleyball players as well as stretching exercises that develop proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) have a positive effect on rehabilitating rotator cuff injury in muscle, tendons according to anthropometric measurement.
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