Background: Physiotherapy is considered to aid in the removal of inflammatory exudates, tracheobronchial secretions, and airway blockages, as well as the reduction of airway resistance, in order to promote breathing and gas exchange. Aims of the study: This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of educational program on improve nurses knowledge about using physiotherapy to remove sputum for children with pneumonia. Methodology: A pre–experimental design used in the present study with application of a (pre-test/ post-test I, post-test II), approach for the study group (One group), the study was carried out from 10th January 2021 to 27th June 2021 on nurses working at children's hospitals in Babylon. By using non probability sampling (purposive sample), the data collection process uses the self-administrating technique in which the nurse fills the questionnaire form by themselves; and analyzed through the descriptive and inferential statistic. Results: Results showed a highly significant differences at P<0.01 toward effect of program through raising knowledge grades of studied respondents at the post1 period, and that could be enable confirms importance and successfulness of applying a proposed program. Conclusion: Educational program had a positive impact in the improvement of the nurses knowledge about using Physiotherapy for Children with Pneumonia, where the results of pre-test (42%), post-test 1 (80%), and post-test 2 (78%). Recommendations: The educational lectures and courses should be regularly done and updated for nurses' knowledge about using Physiotherapy for Children with Pneumonia
Background: Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is a kidney disorder that causes children body as well as adult. Nursing students need to develop their knowledge about caring for children with nephrotic through applying the comprehensive nursing syllabus in most nursing schools in order to promote their knowledge and skills to provide optimum nursing care for these children. Aims of the study: Assess nursing students’ knowledge towards Caring for Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome and to find out the relationship between nursing students’ knowledge and their demographic data (age, gender, and educational level). Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted at University of Baghdad / Collage of Nursing. A purposive "non-probability" sample of (142) undergraduate nursing students (males and females) were selected in this study. A questionnaire was adapted of reviewing previous literatures and studies focused for the purpose of the study. The study instrument comprised of two parts, part one was demographic data. The second part assessed nursing students’ knowledge towards Caring for Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome and contained of 27 items which were rated to three Likert scale and scored the follows: Yes (3), Not sure (2), and No (1). Data were collected through using of the questionnaire and the process of the self-administrative report via internet of the period 1st of November 2019 to 1st of January 2020. Data were analyzed through the application of the descriptive statistical data analysis approach (frequency, percentage, mean of scores) and inferential statistical data analysis approach (Pearson correlation coefficient and chi-square). Results: The findings of the study indicated that nursing students have a fair level of knowledge towards caring for children with nephrotic syndrome, there was no significant association between nursing students’ knowledge and their age and gender, and there was a significant association between nursing students’ knowledge with their scholastic stage at p-value ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: The study concluded that the level of nursing students' knowledge was acceptable towards caring for children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Recommendations: The study recommended that there is need to provide additional education programs are important to improve nursing students' knowledge towards caring for children with nephrotic syndrome
Background: Pragmatic consider an important part of the conversation. Children with autism have delay in the early language milestones based on standardized language tests. Study aimed: To assess the level of trainers' knowledge about pragmatic language for children with autism spectrum disorder, and to find out relationships between trainers’ knowledge and their demographic characteristics. Methodology: Using the pre-experimental design of the current study, for one group of 47 trainers working at the private Autism Centers in Baghdad, data was collected from January 8/ 2022 to February 13 /2022. Using non-probability samples (convenient samples), self-management technology in which trainers fill out the questionnaire form themselves was used in the data collection process; it was analyzed through descriptive and inference statistics. Conclusion: The study concluded that there was no significant or weak correlation between the trainer's knowledge and socio-demographic characteristics. The knowledge of the trainers ranged from medium to high in various dialogues. Keyword: Assessment, Trainers' Knowledge, Pragmatic Language, Autism Spectrum Disorder
Objectives: to find out differences in the level of self-esteem between orphanage children and childrenwho live with their Parents.Methods: A descriptive studies that use comparative design. The method of A Purposive sampling isused which is located in Rusafa, Baghdad. The sample size was 200 students (male and female) fromall secondary schools in Baghdad al-Rusafa who lived with their parents, and another 200 adolescentwho lived in an orphanage. The data was collected during January 11th to March 2nd, 2021. Short formof (coopersmith,1967) scales for assessing self- esteem level.Results : The result of the study shows that highly significant differences are accounted between studiedgroups at P<0.01 regarding of studied “Negative’s Items Domain”, and “ Overall Evaluation”, while nosignificant different was accounted with reference to “Positive’s Items Domain”. Through the results ofthe significant comparisons, it becomes clear that the trends of the negative items of the scale are thedistinguishing evidence between the two studied groups at the time when the outcomes of the positivetrend items didn’t formed the presence of significant differences between the two groups.
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