The aim of the study is to determine the effect of oral supplement of L-Arginine on semen parameters as a treatment for infertile men. Patients and methods: The study conducted on 15 infertile men at infertility clinic in SalahadDin general hospital and private clinics and laboratories in Tikrit city from beginning of March to the end of July 2018. Infertility is a common clinical problem affecting 13-15% of couples worldwide. The prevalence varies throughout developed and undeveloped countries, being higher in the latter in which limited resources for diagnosis and treatment exist. L-arginine was given daily and orally at a dose 1000 mg one capsule per day morning after breakfast. Results: There was a significant increase in total sperm count after treatment with L- Arginine as compare with that before treatment.  Also there was significant elevation active motility and Ejaculate volume after treatment with L- Arginine, as compare with that before treatment. However, there are significant reductions in Sluggish motility, abnormal sperm shape and non-motile sperms after treatment with L-Arginine as compare with that before treatment.     http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.08

L-Carnitine (LC) is highly concentrated in the epididymis and plays a crucial role in sperm metabolism and maturation. They are related to sperm motility and have antioxidant properties. The objective of this review is to summarize the multiple roles played by LC in male reproduction, and to highlight their limitations as well as their benefits in the treatment of male infertility. A variety of studies support the conclusion that LC at total daily amounts of at least 500mg  per day can significantly improve both sperm concentration and total sperm counts among men with astheno – or oligoasthenozoospermia. Although many clinical trials have demonstrated the beneficial effects of LC in selected cases of male infertility. Additional, a well – designed study is necessary to further validate the use of carnitines in the treatment of patients  with male infertility, specifically in men with poor semen  quality .

Urea and creatinine is the most sensitive markers of  Kidney Diseases progression in clinical practice, especially when combined with GFR, but these have  limitations. Hence, early, more sensitive, biomarkers are required. Recently, promising biomarkers have been identified for CKD progression such as kim-1 has been investigated as a novel biomarkers of kidney diseases progression. This study aimed to evaluate urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1(KIM-1) in kidney stone patients.75 patients diagnosed with renal stone diseases and all patients were screened and followed up in the out-patients clinics in Salah Adin general hospital. controls were represented by 15 healthy volunteers. KIM-1, levels shows no significant changes within patients groups while shows that the KIM-1 levels were significantly increased in stone patients when compared with the healthy controls (P˂0.05). Total protein and S. Albumin levels significantly decreased in patients group compared to the controls levels while there was no significant changes within patients group. The current results suggest that  KIM-1 can consider as promising biomarker for diagnosis, clinical progression and investigations for kidney stone diseases.”

This study aimed to investigate the effect of administration of depakene (valproic acid)(VPA) (15 mg/Kg of body weight, orally) on serum protein levels, including immune proteins, because its functions and the importance of these proteins in the body and they are overlapping, and that was by measured protein levels before and after treatment as concentrations of total protein (Tp), albumin and globulin in normal male rats and in rats that treated with VPA drug along the period of experiment (30) days. The results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in concentrations of total protein and albumin in comparison with normal control group, whereas did not observe significant differences (P<0.05) in globulin concentration compared with normal control group, despite of, there was a little decrease in globulin concentration in rats group that administrated the drug under study but non-significant. It could be concluded of the present study that the VPA drug have an greater side effects on concentration and function of proteins in serum, and subsequently, may extending these effects to comprise its effect on the immunity, osmotic pressure, blood volume, nutrients exchange between the blood and tissues, glomerular infiltration rate, transport many of materials and hormones, and several of physiological and biochemical functions which correlated with the serum proteins

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of oral supplement of L-Arginine on semen parameters as a treatment for infertile men. Patients and methods: The study conducted on 15 infertile men at infertility clinic in SalahadDin general hospital and private clinics and laboratories in Tikrit city from beginning of March to the end of July 2018. Infertility is a common clinical problem affecting 13-15% of couples worldwide. The prevalence varies throughout developed and undeveloped countries, being higher in the latter in which limited resources for diagnosis and treatment exist. L-arginine was given daily and orally at a dose 1000 mg one capsule per day morning after breakfast. Results: There was a significant increase in total sperm count after treatment with L- Arginine as compare with that before treatment.  Also there was significant elevation active motility and Ejaculate volume after treatment with L- Arginine, as compare with that before treatment. However, there are significant reductions in Sluggish motility, abnormal sperm shape and non-motile sperms after treatment with L-Arginine as compare with that before treatment.