Angiopathy is a major complication in (T2-DM), Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is considered the main vasoconstrictor (a mitogenic endothelium-derived peptide is mostly, produced by endothelial cells, as well by vascular smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and other cells). Previous studies suggested a link between T2-DM and ET-1. This paper aims to study the association between Endothelin-1 (ET-1) as a marker of endothelial dysfunction and the duration disease among patients with T2-DM, and to identify the effects of obesity and insulin resistance on elevated Endothelin level. The study includes 96 patients with T2-DM, aged between (45-70) years, (56.73 ± 9.14 years) is an average duration of having T2-DM (14.541± 11.462) years, and 96 healthy control subjects, aged (45-70) years, (56.42 ± 8.74 years). We show that the excess of ET-1 level was clearly linked with the duration of T2-DM, where the plasma Endothelin level was significantly changed among the studied groups (according to their duration) (11.607 ±0.783), (13.641± 0.729), (17.736 ± 3.409), (33.816 ± 12.902), (81.165 ± 35.404), and (156.783 ± 12.671) pg/mL respectively. Plasma ET-1 levels significant is positively correlated with T2-DM (R² = 0.9711, p ≤ 0.01), with obesity, insulin resistance, age, HOMO-IR, hypertension, and HDL level (p ≤ 0.05). As a conclusion, the plasma ET-1 level was significantly elevated as long as having been T2-DM.
This research aims to find the direct linkage among the Uric acid rates with Endothelin (ET-1), which is considered the indication of endothelial dysfunction or endothelial damage in patients with T2-DM. This study, included 96 patients with T2-DM and 96 controls, the mean age ranged (56.73 ± 9.14), (56.42 ± 8.74) respectively. Results showed a highly significant increase in Endothelin (ET-1) levels, uric acid, urea, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) was observed as compared with the control group, while Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and body mass (BMI) were not substantially increased. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between ET-1 with uric acid, urea, SBP, DBP in patients with T2-DM (p < 0.05). Finally, elevated uric acid levels in older people who have chronic blood pressure are one of the factors influencing the increased release of ET-1, thus the development of cardiovascular disease.
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