BACKGROUND:Physically disabled people experience more restrictions in social activities than healthy people, which are associated with lower level of well-being and poor quality of life (QoL).STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional study was conductedMETHODS:This study was investigated on among 302 eligible physically disabled people. The predictive role of the demographics and clinical characteristics, anxiety and depression, physical activity, and self-efficacy on the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was examined.STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:Statistical analysis used univariate and multivariate regression models.RESULTS:Gender, self-reported physical activity levels, use of the disability aid tools, and depression were significantly predictors of the physical component summary (PCS) (R2 = 0.20, P < 0.001). We realized that anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy could significantly predict the mental component summary (MCS) (R2 = 0.43, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Study results revealed that four and three variables could predict 20% and 43% of PCS and MCS variations, respectively. These findings warranted the detection of QoL risk factors and establishment of targeted interventions to optimize the health-related QoL among physically disabled people.

Background: Excessive use of antibiotics has led to drug resistance. As such, stewardship programs are implemented to control antibiotic use in hospitalized patients. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of antibiotic use after the implementation of the stewardship program. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on the patients admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran during 2017 - 2018. The required data were extracted from the pharmaceutical ward of the hospital. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 24. Results: The median per capita numerical and Rial consumption of caspofungin and linezolid antibiotics increased after the implementation of the stewardship plan, while the consumption of imipenem, amphotericin, teicoplanin, colistin, meropenem, voriconazole, and vancomycin was observed to decrease. In addition, the median per capita of the numerical use of caspofungin and linezolid increased in the surgery ward, intensive care unit (ICU), and internal medicine ward after the implementation of the stewardship plan. On the other hand, a reduction was observed in the use of amphotericin, colistin, voriconazole, and vancomycin in only one ward. The use of meropenem and teicoplanin also increased in the surgery ward and decreased in the other wards, while the use of imipenem increased in the ICU after implementing the plan and decreased in the other wards. The median use of antibiotics was not considered significant in the internal medicine ward, surgery ward, and ICU before and after implementing the stewardship program (P > 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results, antibiotic use slightly decreased after the implementation of the stewardship program. However, an increase was also observed in antibiotic prescription in some cases, which indicated that the stewardship program was not implemented properly, and no changes occurred in antibiotics prescription.

Background: Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease, it seems that liver abnormalities are also prevalent in the patients. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate liver enzymes in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 111 COVID-19 patients admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah during September-November 2020. The required data were extracted from the hospital files, and data analysis was performed in the Excel software and SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of the patients was 60.87 ± 15.85 years. 50.5% of patients were female. Among the patients, 38.7% had hypertension, 19.8% had diabetes, and 7.2% had cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, 34.2% of the patients had abnormal aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 17.1% had abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and 100% had abnormal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Conclusions: According to the results, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases were the most common comorbidities among the COVID-19 patients. AST, ALT, and LDH are important indicators of hepatic disorders, which were abnormal in these patients as well. Moreover, the patients aged less than 60 years, male patients, and those with renal disorders had a higher mean ALT.