SUMMARYOur knowledge of melon (Cucumis melo L.) response to salinity stress is limited under field conditions and then the genotype × environment interaction and heritability of agro-morphological traits are poor understood. A field trial (2014/2015) was carried out to evaluate the performance of 17 melon cultivars, including 16 native and one exotic (Galia), under salinity stress. Leaf ion concentrations, agronomic, morphological and fruit quality traits were evaluated and their heritabilities were estimated. The results showed significant effects of salinity stress and genotype on the studied traits except for days to anthesis and peel thickness. Salinity stress also caused significant reductions in fruit weight and leaf K+ concentration, while increasing leaf Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations and total soluble solids. The most salt-tolerant cultivars (‘Sabouni’ and ‘Shahabadi-1’) had higher fruit yield, low leaf Na+ and high leaf K+ concentrations and enhanced K+/Na+ ratio under stress conditions. In general, the heritability estimates were higher under control than under salinity conditions, and the highest heritability was observed for total soluble solids. In addition, fruit weight, number of fruit per plant and leaf Na+ concentration were the strongest predictors of fruit yield, explaining 92% of yield variation under salt stress. These observations suggest that indirect selection based on these traits would be effective in improving fruit production under saline conditions.
BACKGROUND Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is a toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal. It is highly water soluble and one of the most widely used metals in industry, resulting in soil and water contamination. Nowadays engineering microbes provide new strategies for remediation of heavy metals. RESULTS In the present work, a gene encoding E. coli chromate reductase (YieF) was cloned in pCDF‐1b and was transferred to both cells containing empty pET41a (control strain), and cells containing pET41a‐OsMT1 (R‐MT1) resulted in production of new strains R‐YieF and R‐YieF/MT1, respectively. Both proteins – YieF as His‐tag fusion protein and OsMT1 as glutathione‐S‐transferase fusion protein – appeared in the soluble fraction of R‐YieF/MT1 after induction with isopropyl‐d‐1‐thiogalactopyranoside . The strain R‐YieF/OsMT1 showed high tolerance to Cr6+ and accumulated significantly higher Cr6+ than R‐MT1 (5 mg L−1), R‐YieF (7 mg L−1) and control (2 mg L−1). The accumulation of Cr6+ was dependent on the initial concentration of Cr6+ in the medium, time and the presence of other toxic metals such as Ag+1, Hg+2 and Cd2+. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the co‐expression of YieF and OsMT1 could effectively enhance the accumulation of Cr(VI) by E. coli cells and opens new insights into bioremediation strategies. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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