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In this paper, an experimental study was carried out to evaluate the number of layer effect of abaca fiber composite as natural reinforced polymer (NFRP) material for shear-strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Two externally bonded shear-strengthened beams with a different number of NFRP layers and a sound beam as a control beam were prepared. The test was conducted by applying two axial loads on the beam. The results showed that the use of one-layer and two-layer of abaca fiber composite as NFRP material for the shear-strengthened beam increased 9.78% and 9.92% of maximum load compared to sound beam respectively. Abaca fiber composite NFRP material contributed 11% and 18.57% of the total maximum shear load for one-layer and two-layer laminates respectively. In addition, externally bonded shear-strengthened beams affected the crack pattern and deflection value. However, debonding failure of NFRP laminates occurred in two-layer of the NFRP shear strengthened beam. It caused the beam did not work optimally.

Abstrak: Sarana dan prasarana adalah hal yang paling penting dalam menunjang proses kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti implementasi kebijakan sarana dan prasarana sekolah di MAN Prambon Nganjuk melalui pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana di sekolah tersebut. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Objek penelitian ini adalah MAN Prambon Nganjuk. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dalam wawancara peneliti melibatkan guru, waka sarana dan prasarana, serta peserta didik. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model interaktif miles dan huberman, yaitu kondensasi data, display data, penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangaluasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan implementasi kebijakan pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana sekolah mengacu kepada pasal 40 tahun 2008 peraturan menteri pendidikan nasional republik indonesia tentang standar sarana dan prasarana untuk sekolah menengah kejuruan atau madrasah aliyah kejuruan. Undang-undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang sistem pendidikan nasional (Sisdiknas) menjadi acuan untuk membuat kebijakan dan manajemen pendidikan baik pada tingkat nasional, regional, maupun di tingkat sekolah. PP No. 19 tahun 2005 menyebutkan bahwa SNP dijadikan pedoman untuk mewujudkan ketersedian sarana danprasarana belajar yang memungkinkan berkembangnya potensi siswa secara optimal. Untuk itu,mekanisme pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana sekolahmeliputi pengadaan, pendistribusian, penggunaan dan pemeliharaan, inventarisasi, serta penghapusan sarana dan pra-sarana sekolah harusdilaksanakan secara efektif dan efisien.

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The use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been implemented as an alternative for strengthening and repairing methods. Nowadays, the use of natural material for FRP has been developed in order to minimize the disadvantage effects to nature due to synthetic FRP material and economic reason. In this paper, an experimental study was carried out to evaluate the bond strength of abaca fiber as natural reinforced polymer (NFRP) material in reinforced concrete (RC) beams. The test specimen was a beam that had cross-section area of 100 × 100mm2 and 300mm length. Single rebar was used in this study with 10mm diameter of rebar. Artificial crack was applied in order to consider the initial crack by using cardboard between the concrete. Two externally bonded strengthened beams with a different type of abaca fiber arrangement, bond length, and thickness were applied on the concrete surface. The test was conducted by applying a tension load on the beam until the specimen reach its failure. The results showed that the bond strength decrease as the bond length becomes longer because the maximum load was almost constant for different bond length. The maximum load was approximately around 4 tf for short and long bond length. The compatibility of abaca fiber and rebar was also monitored. Both abaca fiber and rebar able to stand the load compactly. Abaca fiber composite laminate had a similar trend with rebar at the same location where an artificial crack was made. Furthermore, the arrangement and thickness of the abaca fiber composite laminate affected the results.

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The use of synthetic Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) as a composite material is an alternative material that has been widely used for strengthening and repairing reinforced concrete structures. However, the high price is one of the obstacles in applying synthetic FRP materials in developing countries such as Indonesia. Utilization of natural fiber as a Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer (NFRP) composite material is an alternative, especially in shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams. Because it has good tensile strength and also is environmentally friendly. Technological developments in the field of computing make modelling various aspects easier. One of them is modelling reinforced concrete (RC) beams. ATENA V534 is a software that can be used for finite element-based modelling. Therefore, in this study, the ATENA V534 software was used to evaluate the results of research and testing behaviour of reinforced concrete beams from the previous studies about strengthened beam for shear by using NFRP. Behaviour that is evaluated in the form of load and deflection, the pattern of cracks and failure, and stress and strain of reinforcements. The numerical results obtained in ATENA V534 showed in a good agreement with experimental results.