Background and Objective:
Laser spectroscopy is becoming an increasingly paramount
analytical tool. Scientists today have at their disposal many various types of laser-based analytical
techniques. In this article, the possibility of using capabilities of a laser to analyze and find the concentration
of Serum Total Protein (STP) was studied.
Materials and Methods:
The laser system includes a diode laser with 532 nm wavelength, with maximum
output power being 5 mW. Laser bandwidth ranges around (524 nm – 546 nm) experimentally
justified using a monochromator. A simple variable resistance with a range from zero to10Ω for obtaining
a range of laser output power, detector, parallel variable resistance with the range from zero to
5 kΩ and meter for measuring the percentage of transmittance. The absorption spectroscopy of STP
samples was measured by double beam spectrophotometer.
Results:
Maximum absorbance of STP is at the range (520-580 nm) and the peak at (500) nm. Laser
system measurements included the study of absorbance of STP as a function of cuvet thickness,
transmittance as a function of cuvet thickness and absorbance as a function of laser power. In order to
ascertain our calculations, the results have been compared with the results of the spectrophotometer.
The Relative Standard Deviation (RSD%) values are about (0.67-17.18).
Conclusion:
The diode laser system is a highly efficient and easy system and allows access to a range
of powers. Since the divergence of the laser beam is very low. All results are in good agreement with
conventional double beam spectrophotometer.
As the population ages, so does the demand for bone loss treatments. The main components of these medicines must be able to endure longer and perform more effectively. Bone cement made of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which is often used in damaged bone replacement surgery, is a vital biological material. As a result, the impact of additional nanoparticles such as zirconium dioxide (Zr02) and magnesium oxide (MgO) on polymer binary blends (Acrylic bone cement: 15% PMMA) for a bone scaffold was studied in this research. ZrO2 and MgO nanoparticles were introduced in various weights present to the polymer mix matrix 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2). Hand lay-up molding using two different types of PMMA material was utilized to create the polymer. The reinforcement materials were mixed individually with a binary polymer blend material according to the reinforcement material selection ratio, and then heat-treated at 55°C for 3 hours to complete polymerization and remove any residual stress. Mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength and Young's modulus were evaluated for all of the prepared samples. The chemical bonding of nanoparticles and synthetic binary polymeric mix composites was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The tensile strength and Young's modulus of a binary polymeric blend reinforced with (1.5wt% ZrO2, and 1wt% MgO) both dramatically increased. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of the fracture surface of tensile specimens. SEM images demonstrated that nanoparticles (ZrO2 and MgO) were distributed uniformly throughout the polymeric mix matrix.
Many considerable investigations focused on the stimulation of therapeutic manners of infected injuries in mice. The exaggerated pathogens that induced wounds were gram-positive like staphylococcal and gram-negative, for example, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Acinetobacter can generate a scale range of an infection that may be received in a hospital or any wellness concern facility. In order to know the significance of laser 532 nm with a constant irradiance at various exposure times on the healing process of wounds infected by Acinetobacter baumannii, this study was performed on the BALB/C mice. An elliptical full-thickness skin injury was made on the backside of 45 adult female (BALB/C) mice. Injuries were affected via Acinetobacter baumannii and were randomly assigned into 3 groups. Semiconductor diode continuous wave laser, λ = 532 nm, with output power 40 mW was used. The power density was 5.71 mW/cm2, while the fluencies were 1.7 J/cm2 and 5.14 J/cm2. Fifteen mice were classified according to the times of irradiation. The first group was infected and presented as control, without irradiation. The second group was infected and irradiated for 5 minutes. The third group, likewise, was infected but irradiated for 15 minutes. All groups were subdivided according to the following period, 3, 5, and 10 days, after irradiation and the animals were killed after the treatment. Wound healing was made by measuring the rate of wound closure and histopathological evaluation. The study determined that 532 nm laser therapy had an obvious and positive influence on the healing of infected wounds with fluence (5.14 J/cm2).
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