The effects of multiple sintering additives BaO-CuO-B 2 O 3 on the sintering behavior, microstructure, and electrochemical performance of BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.2 O 3−δ (BZCY) as an electrolyte were investigated for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell application. BZCY was prepared by adding 0, 1, 2, and 3 mol % sintering additives through the freeze-drying method. Microstructure analysis and shrinkage measurement reveal that BZCY with 3 mol % sintering additive effectively reduces the sintering temperature to 1150 °C. BZCY pellets with 3 mol % sintering additives sintered at 1150 °C for 8 h increased the linear shrinkage from 2.6 to 17.0%. Thermochemical analysis reveals that the low melting temperature eutectic phase formation resulted in liquid-phase sintering, which supports the rearrangement and densification of BZCY particles. BZCY with 3 mol % sintering additives presented a proton conductivity of 0.016 S cm −1 and good durability at 600 °C with a low activation energy of 0.44 eV and low grain boundary resistance.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.