Esta es la versión de autor del artículo publicado en: This is an author produced version of a paper published in: AbstractThis study presents a critical review on the application of magnetite-based catalysts to industrial wastewater decontamination by heterogeneous Fenton oxidation. The use of magnetic materials in this field started only around 2008 and continues growing increasingly year by year. The potential of these materials derives from their higher ability for degradation of recalcitrant pollutants compared to the conventional iron-supported catalysts due to the presence of both Fe(II) and Fe(III) species. In addition, their magnetic properties allow their easy, fast and inexpensive separation from the reaction medium. The magnetic materials applied up to now can be classified in three general groups: magnetic natural minerals, in-situ-produced magnetic materials and ferromagnetic nanoparticles. A survey of the catalysts investigated so far is presented paying attention to their nature and competitive features in terms of activity and durability.2

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Esta es la versión de autor del artículo publicado en: This is an author produced version of a paper published in: Upon Fenton oxidation of the four ILs tested hydroxylated compounds of higher molecular weight than the starting ILs, fragments of ILs partially oxidized and short-chain organic acids were identified as reaction by-products. Reaction pathways are proposed.2

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BACKGROUND: The breakdown of imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) by Fenton oxidation has been demonstrated, but using unaffordable doses of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). The literature studies so far do not report on the evolution of total organic carbon (TOC) and ecotoxicity. Therefore, the potential application of the process for the degradation of ILs still remains an open question. This work investigates the feasibility of the Fenton process for the treatment of aqueous effluents containing imidazolium-based ILs of different structures, represented by the length of the alkyl chain and the nature of the anion. Special attention is paid to the evolution of the ecotoxicity and the consumption of H 2 O 2 as a critical issue for the economy of the process. The experiments were performed at 70 ∘ C. RESULTS: With the stoichiometric H 2 O 2 dose, the complete conversion of the starting imidazolium-based ILs was achieved in less than 5 min, at 70 ∘ C, with 60% of TOC reduction after 4 h, except in the [C 4 mim][CH 3 CO 2 ] case, where iron precipitation was observed, thus inhibiting its catalytic action. Low ecotoxicity effluents were obtained at the stoichiometric H 2 O 2 dose, even in the cases of the highly ecotoxic ILs of long alkyl chain with chloride anion. CONCLUSION: Fenton oxidation is shown to be a promising solution for the degradation of imidazolium-based ILs in water, allowing deep detoxification with the stoichiometric H 2 O 2 dose.

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The behavior of a commercial (CE) and homemade (CH) palladium/carbon catalyst in the gas-phase hydrodechlorination of dichloromethane (DCM) has been investigated, at low concentration, in a fixed-bed microreactor, with a view of application to the treatment of residual gas streams. The influence of space time (1.0-6.6 kg h mol -1 ), reaction temperature (423-623 K), and H 2 /DCM molar ratio (50-400) was investigated. The catalysts showed high performance, with DCM conversions up to 97% and selectivities to nonchlorinated products of ∼80%. Modification of the operating conditions highly affects the activity of the catalyst while also showing scarce influence on the selectivity. At equal palladium loadings, the CH catalyst showed higher activity than the CE catalyst; however, the product distribution was fairly similar. This was attributed to a different dispersion and distribution of palladium particles, but a similarity in the nature of the palladium species involved in both types of catalysts.