The main objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial factors and entrepreneurial success. Using a simple random sampling technique, 163 entrepreneurs with at least three years of business operations were selected as our respondents. Data were gathered through a self-monitored questionnaire survey. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the relationship between the entrepreneurial factors and entrepreneurial success. Based on the means analyses, religious duty/honesty factor is perceived as the most significant factor affecting entrepreneurial success, followed by communication skills and strong will of the entrepreneurs. This study confirmed that several entrepreneurial factors are significantly related to the entrepreneur's success. These factors include the ability of entrepreneurs to access information, their leadership styles, and their support from others. Nevertheless, entrepreneurs' ability to seize relevant information is found to be the most significant factor contributing to their success.

Effects of food scandals on religious belief, human health and even on causes of death indicate that firms and consumers are vulnerable to integrity risks in the global supply chain. Mitigating the integrity risk and maintaining the credence quality products like halal food is very challenging, if not impossible. Our aim in this research is to show that supply chain integration can mitigate the halal food integrity risk. To illustrate this idea, we have conducted case studies and interviews in seven Malaysian chicken supply chain focal firms. We unpack the halal integrity risks along the supply chain, such as production risk, raw material risk, food security risk, outsourcing practices risk, service risk, and logistics risk. The research argues that supply chain integration, such as internal integration and external integration practices, could minimize the halal integrity risk. The advantages of supply chain integration in mitigating the halal integrity risk are also highlighted in this paper.

Purpose Much has been written about the importance of external integration for the integrity of food products. To achieve food integrity, all actors along the supply chain have to be fully integrated and comply with an assurance system or process. The more complex the supply chain operations are, the greater will be the need for integration. This research paper investigates the impact of external integration on compliance with halal standards, as an example of product integrity within the food industry. Design/methodology/approach A survey of 1,000 food manufacturers was conducted. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to test the effect of external integration on compliance with halal standards. Findings The results showed that there were links between halal assurance system and external integration. Nevertheless, it was discovered that only customer integration mediated the relationship between the halal assurance system and product quality and production cost. Practical implications The practical implications of the findings extend to managers in the food industry who might pursue supply chain integration as a structure to achieve excellence. The findings suggested that the deployment of a halal assurance system has a positive effect on operational performance. Furthermore, the results show that managers who wish to implement the halal assurance system should carefully invest in an external integration strategy, depending upon the operational performance improvement intended. Originality/value This research is one of the first studies to investigate the effects of external integration on halal food in general and is the first empirical investigation of the effect of safeguarding halal integrity on operational performance.

Purpose Based on social exchange, equity, and other orientation theories this study examines the effect of organizational justice on two dimensions of employees’ citizenship behavior in the Asian context. Moreover, the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Islamic work ethic (IWE) can moderate the relationships between organizational justice and two dimensions of citizenship behavior. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire. In total, 337 employees from Islamic financial institutions in Malaysia participated in the survey. Structural equation modeling specifically partial least square was used to analysis the hypothetical model developed in this study. Findings The finding of this study revealed that justice has direct effect on citizenship behavior directed toward individual and organization alike. These relationships found to be more effective for employees who are high in IWE and weak for employees who are low in IWE. Moreover, the findings of this study provide insight about the validity and reliability of the existing scales pertaining to the study constructs in Asian culture. Practical implications The current study enhance researchers understanding about the crucial role of dispositional variables as moderator in relation to justice and citizenship behavior, confirmed the predictive role of organizational justice in Asian context, and stresses the importance of justice at workplace which can encourage employees to go the extra mile and show good behavior toward their co-workers and/or organization. Originality/value This is a pioneer study that empirically investigates the moderating role of IWE between organizational justice and citizenship behavior, and emphasized the validity and reliability of the used scales in eastern context.

Technology plays an increasingly important role in our daily lives. The use of technology-based healthcare apps facilitates and empowers users to use such apps and saves the burden on the public healthcare system during COVID-19. Through technology-based healthcare apps, patients can be virtually connected to doctors for medical services. This study explored users' intention and adoption of eDoctor apps in relation to their health behaviors and healthcare technology attributes among Chinese adults. Cross-sectional data were collected through social media, resulting in a total of 961 valid responses for analysis. The hybrid analysis technique of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN) analysis was applied. The obtained results revealed the significant influence of eDoctor apps in terms of usefulness, compatibility, accuracy, and privacy on users' intention to use eDoctor apps. Intention and product value were also found to suggestively promote the adoption of eDoctor apps. This study offered practical recommendations for the suppliers and developers of eHealth apps to make every attempt of informing and building awareness to nurture users' intention and usage of healthcare technology. Users' weak health consciousness and motivation are notable barriers that restrict their intention and adoption of the apps. Mass adoption of eDoctor apps can also be achieved through the integration of the right technology features that build the product value and adoption of eDoctor apps. The limitations of the current study and recommendations for future research are presented at the end of this paper.

Social media has changed the marketing phenomenon, as firms use social media to inform, impress, and retain the existing consumers. Social media marketing empowers business firms to generate perceived brand equity activities and build the notion among consumers to continue using the firms’ products and services. The current exploratory study aimed to examine the effects of social media marketing activities on brand equity (brand awareness and brand image) and repurchase intention of high-tech products among Chinese consumers. The study used a cross-sectional design, and the final analysis was performed on 477 valid responses that were collected through an online survey. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN) analysis were performed. The obtained results revealed positive and significant effects of trendiness, interaction, and word of mouth on brand awareness. Customisation, trendiness, interaction, and word of mouth were found to positively affect brand image. Brand awareness and brand image were found to affect repurchase intention. The results of multilayer ANN analysis suggested trendiness as the most notable factor in developing brand awareness and brand image. Brand awareness was found to be an influential factor that nurtures repurchase intention. The study’s results confirmed the relevance of social media marketing activities in predicting brand equity and brand loyalty by repurchase intention. Marketing professionals need to concentrate on entertainment and customisation aspects of social media marketing that can help to achieve brand awareness and image. The limitations of study and future research opportunities are presented at the end of this article.

Conservative agriculture practice (CAP) adoption literature advocates that adoption is caused by many factors comprising cognitive, social, economic, personal, and CAP-related factors. Evaluating the adoption of CAPs as the outcome is complex and challenging with regression-based models as the systemic interdependencies of the factors offer diverse or varying results. Farmer production and environmental orientations as cognitive stances are notable interpreters of CAP adoption. The appetite level for risk-taking, innovativeness, and trust facilitates the adoption of CAPs. However, a causal-predictive technique should be used to investigate the adoption of CAP. Hence, this study engages in a configuration approach using a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fs/QCA) to analyze the patterns of different types of farmers' orientations, personal level of trust on extension services, and innovativeness risk-taking attitude on the intention to adopt CAPs. The analysis is based on the 155-farmer data collected employing a structured interview from Pakistan. The results suggest that a higher level of environment orientation and innovativeness is sufficient to increase the intention to adopt CAPs. Moreover, a higher intention to adopt CAPs is achieved with a lower production orientation, a higher personal level of innovativeness, and a risk-taking attitude of the farmer. The innovativeness can help to develop the intention to adopt the CAPs among the environment and production-oriented farmers. Causal solutions offer a unique understanding that the farmers' environment and production orientation can combine to suggest inclined to adopt CAPs by having an attitude of innovativeness and risk-taking. The causal solutions achieved significant predictive validity in the holdout samples. Policy and farmer-level suggestions were made to raise the intention to adopt CAPs among the farmers.

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of the supply chain integration in augmenting food integrity from the perspective of the focal companies. A series of case studies in four halal food supply chain (fast food, kopitiam, casual dining, and fresh processed food) in Malaysia were conducted in understanding the companies' best practices in safeguarding halal food integrity. The findings from the case studies were then suited and discussed in the paradigm of arc of integration theory. The results provide strong empirical evidence on how a stronger supply chain integration could enhance halal food integrity. Theoretically, this paper advances supply chain integration paradigm discussion into food industry. It offers a novel understanding of supply chain integration relevancy in food industry and in particular the supply chain integration strategy in safeguarding halal food integrity. In addition, the paper offers propositions on how halal integrity could be better achieved through a range of integration strategies. In practice, the paper offers a way forward to the managers in selecting the most relevant type of supply chain integration practices. Kata kunci: Supply chain integration; halal; food integrity ABSTRAK Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetengahkan kepentingan integrasi rantaian bekalan dalam mengukuhkan integriti makanan dari perspektif syarikat pengeluar. Satu siri kajian kes di empat halal rantaian bekalan makanan (makanan segera, kopitiam, makan kasual, dan makanan diproses segar) di Malaysia telah dijalankan dalam memahami amalan terbaik syarikat-syarikat 'dalam menjaga integriti makanan halal. Hasil penemuan daripada kajian kes disesuaikan dan dibincangkan dalam paradigma teori "arc of integration." Dapatan kajian telah memberikan bukti empirikal yang kukuh tentang bagaimana integrasi rantaian bekalan yang lebih kukuh boleh meningkatkan integriti makanan halal. Secara teorinya, artikel ini menambah perbincangan berkenaan integrasi rantaian bekalan dalam industri makanan. Ianya juga memberikan pemahaman yang baharu berkaitan integrasi rantaian bekalan yang relevan dalam industri makanan dan khususnya strategi integrasi rantaian bekalan dalam menjaga integriti makanan halal. Di samping itu, artikel ini mancadangakan beberapa usul tentang bagaimana integriti halal boleh dicapai dengan lebih baik melalui pelbagai strategi integrasi. Secara praktikal, artikel ini boleh membantu pengurus dalam memilih jenis amalan integrasi rantaian bekalan yang paling relevan.