In this article, we examine traditional and nontraditional gender roles and work-family interface for men and women. Recent empirical literature is reviewed and implications for career counselors are discussed. We discuss changing gender roles in career, marriage, and parenting and provide strategies for helping clients to cope with work-family role strain and to find a satisfying balance between life roles. Directions for future research are also discussed.Gender roles in family and work domains are in a state of flux. The traditional view of the male as breadwinner and the female as homemaker has shifted over time (Lease, 2003). Changes in social norms have resulted in men and women placing a high value on both work and family roles (Gordon & Whelan-Berry, 2005). Currently in the United States, the vast majority of men and women combine work and family roles. In fact, the most recent census bureau data indicate that dual-earner families are the most prevalent family
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of spirituality to work and family roles and life satisfaction among gifted adults. Satisfaction with work and family roles was examined in combination with spiritual well-being in order to study the contribution each makes to variance in life satisfaction. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in order to gain a greater depth of understanding of these complex issues. Results from multiple regression analyses indicated that existential well-being and marital satisfaction contributed significantly to life satisfaction. In response to open-ended questions, participants articulated many ways in which their spirituality impacted their work, marriage, parenting, and life satisfaction. Results are discussed in relation to the literature. Implications for mental health counseling and future research are provided.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parental attachment and satisfaction with work and family roles, as well as the relationship of these variables to life satisfaction. Results from a multiple regression analysis indicated that satisfaction with work and marriage, but not parenting satisfaction or parental attachment, was significantly related to life satisfaction. Responses to open‐ended questions indicated that parental attachment relationships affected participants' career, marriage, parenting, and life satisfaction in varied and complex ways. Implications for counselors and directions for future research are discussed.
Men are choosing to enter nontraditional careers with greater frequency. In this article, the authors examine nontraditional career choices made by men and review current empirical literature relevant to this topic. Gottfredson's (1981Gottfredson's ( , 1996 theory of circumscription and compromise and Holland's (1997) career choice theory are used as frameworks to examine factors that influence men to pursue nontraditional career choices. The impact of gender role socialization provides further understanding of career choice. The role strain and changing life and family roles that often accompany these nontraditional occupations are also examined. Implications for career counselors, suggestions for counseling interventions, and directions for future research are also discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.