No abstract

Muscle imbalance in abductor and adductor muscles is apparent in hallux valgus deformity, and this imbalance may be the reason or the result of joint deformity.

Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging had comparable high accuracy for identifying the biceps pathologies and rotator cuff tears. The basic clinical tests had modest accuracy in both disorders. The choice of which imaging test to perform should be based on the patient's clinical information (regarding lesion of glenoid labrum, joint capsule, muscle, and bone), cost, and imaging experience of the radiology department.

Muscle imbalance in abductor and adductor muscles is apparent in hallux valgus deformity, and this imbalance may be the reason or the result of joint deformity.

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) show lower cardiorespiratory fitness than normal subjects. This study was planned to investigate the pulmonary function tests (PFT), respiratory muscle strength and endurance, and aerobic capacity of patients with RA, as well as the relationship of these parameters to clinical and functional status. Twenty-five RA patients aged 25-71 (48.52 +/- 14.09) and 21 control subjects aged 25-66 (45.67 +/- 13.27) participated in the study. PFT, maximum volunteer ventilation, maximum inspiratory and maximum expiratory pressures and cardiorespiratory exercise tests were carried out in all subjects to evaluate the respiratory involvement, inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength and endurance, and aerobic capacity. Patients' duration of disease, smoking and alcohol habits, duration of morning stiffness, visual analogue scale scores, ARA functional classifications and Ritchie articular indexes were recorded. All the patients and control subjects were non-exercising individuals. As a result, we found that RA patients have normal PFT but reduced respiratory muscle strength and endurance, and also reduced aerobic capacity compared to controls. According to this result, respiratory and aerobic exercises may be recommended to improve respiratory muscle strength and endurance and aerobic capacity in these patients.