Abstract. The problems of the existing methods for the determination of combining and technologically interlinked construction processes and activities are considered under the modern construction conditions of various facilities. The necessity to identify common parameters that characterize the interaction nature of all the technology-related construction and installation processes and activities is shown. The research of the technologies of construction and installation processes for buildings and structures with the goal of determining a common parameter for evaluating the relationship between technologically interconnected processes and construction works are conducted. The result of this research was to identify the quantitative evaluation of interaction construction and installation processes and activities in a minimum technologically necessary volume of the previous process allowing one to plan and organize the execution of a subsequent technologically interconnected process. The quantitative evaluation is used as the basis for the calculation of the optimum range of the combination of processes and activities. The calculation method is based on the use of the graph theory. The authors applied a generic characterization parameter to reveal the technological links between construction and installation processes, and the proposed technique has adaptive properties which are key for wide use in organizational decisions forming. The article provides a written practical significance of the developed technique.
The article sets the task of developing a method for increasing the overhaul period during operation of laminate heat exchangers. To solve this problem, the use of a thermoelectric module is proposed. The article presents experimental studies of the nature of heat transfer between two streams in a laboratory setup simulating a process on a plate heat exchanger. The experimentally substantiated dependences of the deposition value on the thermopower voltage indicators are obtained. Based on the obtained dependences, the possibility of developing a program for maintenance and repair of laminate heat exchangers is shown.
In the process of transporting the tank to the place of operation, as well as during installation and repair work, the formation of mechanical defects on the body, such as a “dent”, of various sizes, shapes and locations relative to structural elements and technological fittings is possible. Defects of this type are stress concentrators, which may be the key to premature equipment failure due to its failure. The current regulatory documentation in the field of assessing the technical condition and strength analysis of capacitive equipment has established the necessary set of work to assess the negative impact of defects such as a “dent” on the normal operation of the vessel. However, in most cases, normative documents presuppose types of work aimed directly at identifying the geometrical dimensions of the dent and conducting non-destructive testing of the areas closest to it in order to identify unacceptable defects and unacceptable thinning zones, as well as strength calculation with a defect. According to these parameters, the so-called “admissibility” or “inadmissibility” of the detected dent is evaluated. In this paper, we study the relationship between the impact of a dent with certain geometric dimensions on the body of the technological tank on its stress-deformed state, considering the location of the technological fittings, and constructive solutions are developed to reduce the numerical values of maximum stresses.
The operation of devices with a shirt is carried out at high pressures and temperatures in corrosive environments. This is a prerequisite for the development of such a damage mechanism as a decrease in wall thickness and loss of strength. For a quantitative assessment of the degree of corrosion wear and prediction of the further period of safe operation of the apparatus, standard methods and techniques are used, which are indicated in the current regulatory and technical documentation for diagnosing and evaluating the resource. For apparatuses with a shirt, access to a complete 100% inspection of the inner surface of both the main apparatus and the shirt is difficult due to the design features and the absence of a hatch of sufficient diameter. In this regard, a large error in the qualitative assessment of the technical condition and resource forecasting is possible. Currently relevant is the work on modeling apparatuses and assessing the stress-deformed state, taking into account their design and operational features, taking into account changes in the parameters of the technical condition, such as corrosion wear, and identifying the most loaded zones and areas with a view to their furthermore detailed diagnosis. In this paper, we study the interconnection between the effects of operational loads and corrosion wear, both of the apparatus itself and the shirt on the stress-deformed state of the apparatus as a whole.
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