Respecto a la especie Brosimum alicastrum (Ramón) existen diversas investigaciones sobre sus propiedades nutracéuticas para la alimentación animal y humana, usos medicinales e incluso sistemas de producción. Sin embargo, sigue siendo un taxón, fundamentalmente, silvestre y de nulo manejo silvícola. En virtud de ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar algunos de los factores económico-sociales, fisiográficos y de producción que determinan la reconversión de terrenos a plantaciones con Ramón, en el estado de Campeche. Mediante un muestreo dirigido a las zonas con mayor abundancia de la especie, se encuestaron entre septiembre y noviembre de 2018 a 190 productores de los sectores agrícola (94), pecuario (58), forestal (17) y apícola (21). Los resultados indicaron que la edad, escolaridad e ingreso económico familiar que representan los sistemas actuales de producción, no condicionan la reconversión. Por el contrario, aquellos que más la restringen se asocian con la libertad de decisión sobre sus parcelas (tenencia de la tierra), el acceso a las áreas donde B. alicastrum se distribuye de manera natural, y la falta de paquetes tecnológicos para su producción y poscosecha. Los productores con mayor disposición a reconvertir sus tierras son los agrícolas y pecuarios; los primeros incentivados por el posible precio de venta del kilogramo de semilla ($23.00 MN), y los segundos por la obtención de forraje alterno de menor costo. En ambos casos, la asesoría y capacitación técnica ayudarían a minimizar los tiempos de adaptación a los nuevos sistemas de producción.
Objective: To identify the agricultural rotation crops grown throughout a year by the producers of two farming communities in Champotón, Campeche, Mexico. Design/Methodology/Approach: This exploratory-descriptive research was conducted in 2019, in Santo Domingo Kesté and Sihochac, Champotón, Campeche. Documentary research was conducted and a survey with a total of 200 questionnaires was applied, following the snowball technique. The resulting data were analyzed with descriptive statistics using Excel’s statistical package. Results: Chihua pumpkin (Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber) and sugarcane (Sacharumm officinarum) are the most economically important crops. The former is specific to Santo Domingo Kesté and the latter, to Sihochac. Maize is grown in May in Sihochac, and in different months in Kesté. Chihua pumpkin, peanut (Arachis hypogaea), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), sesame seed (Sesamum indicum), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), cassava (Manihot esculenta), and hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa) are grown only in Kesté, in different times of the year. Study limitations/Implications: Since this research is of a local nature, its results cannot be generalized, although they may be similar to other regions of the country. Findings/Conclusions: Some agricultural relay crops are grown in Kesté and not in the Sihochac community. The way in which each community organizes its crops depends on socio-cultural factors and available resources.
Objective: To determine the incidence of non-target fishing species, in riparianfishing, as a dietary alternative for the agricultural sector in the state of Campeche,Mexico.Design / methodology / approach: The ports surveyed in the state of Campeche:Champotón, Seybaplaya and Campeche. A total of 89 questionnaires were appliedat random and at the free will to participate to coastal fishermen. The obtained datawere analyzed with the R vr 3.4.4 statistical software.Results: The results showed that the coastal fishing catch is 760.1 kg onaverage/week, and fishing discards of 30.42 kg/week. Of the bycatch, 68.8% isdiscarded and the rest sold at a low price (US $ 0.2). Among the waste products,234 species stand out, but seven represent the 58.7% of maximum incidence,mainly Bosh Ariopsis felis, Chac-chi Haemulon plumierii, Cojinuda Caranx crysos,Ixpil Upeneus sp., Macabi Elops saurus, Postà Bairdiella chrysoura and SardinaHerengula jaguana.Delimitations / implications: There is a wide variety of species of which theirpotential as a protein source is unknown, which can be used as input in feed.Findings / conclusions: Registered fishing discards are made up of more than 30non-target species and according to their incidence can be considered as inputs infeed manufacturing for the agricultural sector.
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