In the light of the recent Lin, Lunin, Maldacena (LLM) results, we investigate 1/2-BPS geometries in minimal (and next to minimal) supergravity in D = 6 dimensions. In the case of minimal supergravity, solutions are given by fibrations of a two-torus T 2 specified by two harmonic functions. For a rectangular torus the two functions are related by a non-linear equation with rare solutions: AdS 3 × S 3 , the pp-wave and the multicenter string. "Bubbling", i.e. superpositions of droplets, is accommodated by allowing the complex structure of the T 2 to vary over the base. The analysis is repeated in the presence of a tensor multiplet and similar conclusions are reached, with generic solutions describing D1D5 (or their dual fundamental string-momentum) systems. In this framework, the profile of the dual fundamental string-momentum system is identified with the boundaries of the droplets in a two-dimensional plane.
We describe high-efficiency two-port beam splitters of total internal reflection (TIR) gratings, where incident waves are reflected in the 0th and −1st orders with the same energy, respectively. To achieve high efficiency and uniformity between two orders, the grating duty cycle and depth are optimized using rigorous coupled wave analysis for a laser wavelength of 800 nm. With the optimized grating profiles, the TIR grating can work as a 50/50 beam splitter for not only TE or TM polarization but also both TE and TM polarization. Efficiencies can reach nearly 50% × 2 = 100% in the 0th and −1st reflected orders. It indicates that high efficiency can be obtained based on a TIR grating instead of complicated structures. For high efficiency of a TIR grating and a high damage threshold of fused silica, the presented two-port beam splitter gratings should be useful elements in numerous practical applications, especially in high laser power systems.
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