The theory of sponge city has been attracting extensive attention in addressing urban waterrelated issues especially in China. We discussed on the emergy-GIS method of selecting areas for spongelike urban reconstruction in Shenzhen, with four main concerns including data source, neglecting the issue of urban waterlogging, potential inaccuracies in emergy calculations and indices in selecting key areas. The corresponding suggestions and solutions are developed including the rational selection of precipitation and anthropogenic heat, consideration of land use types in assumption of the first 50% of stormwater runoff, incorporation of areas with high risk of waterlogging, methods for emergy calculations of runoff and runoff pollution, scientific choice of indices and integration of local planning and actions. This study could help improve the emergy method integrated with GIS in the application of sponge city studies.
The exploitation of coal mine resources has greatly contributed to China’s economic development, but it has also caused damage to the surrounding ecological environment. With the adjustment and optimization of the national energy structure, many small or unqualified mines have been closed in recent years. Thus, the environmental treatment and ecological restoration of these closed coal mines need to be carried out urgently. In this study, the causes of closed coal mines are analyzed from the perspective of macro policy. Then, the key technical difficulties of comprehensive and systematic restoration and treatment of geological and ecological problems are discussed from multiple perspectives. Finally, the successful restoration and treatment cases of closed coal mines locally and globally are showed. The findings of this study provide ideas and methods for ecological environment restoration and management of closed coal mines.
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