Previously published and as yet unpublished QCD results obtained with the ALEPH detector at LEP1 are presented. The unprecedented statistics allows detailed studies of both perturbative and non-perturbative aspects of strong interactions to be carried out using hadronic Z and tau decays. The studies presented include precise determinations of the strong coupling constant, tests of its avour independence, tests of the SU(3) gauge structure of QCD, study of coherence eects, and measurements of single-particle inclusive distributions and two-particle correlations for many identied baryons and mesons.

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The intensity of Galactic cosmic rays is nearly isotropic because of the influence of magnetic fields in the Milky Way. Here, we present two-dimensional high-precision anisotropy measurement for energies from a few to several hundred teraelectronvolts (TeV), using the large data sample of the Tibet Air Shower Arrays. Besides revealing finer details of the known anisotropies, a new component of Galactic cosmic ray anisotropy in sidereal time is uncovered around the Cygnus region direction. For cosmic-ray energies up to a few hundred TeV, all components of anisotropies fade away, showing a corotation of Galactic cosmic rays with the local Galactic magnetic environment. These results have broad implications for a comprehensive understanding of cosmic rays, supernovae, magnetic fields, and heliospheric and Galactic dynamic environments.

The kinematic properties of t t events are studied in the Wϩmultijet channel using data collected with the CDF detector during the 1992-1995 runs at the Fermilab Tevatron collider corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 109 pb Ϫ1 . Distributions of a variety of kinematic variables chosen to be sensitive to different aspects of t t production are compared with those expected from Monte Carlo calculations. A sample of 34 events rich in t t pairs is obtained by requiring at least one jet identified by the silicon vertex detector ͑SVX͒ as having a displaced vertex consistent with the decay of a b hadron. The data are found to be in good agreement with predictions of the leading order t t matrix element with color coherent parton shower evolution. ͓S0556-2821͑99͒04007-2͔

We have observed bottom-charm mesons via the decay mode B-c(+/-) --> J/psi l(+/-)v in 1.8 TeV p (p) over bar collisions using the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. A fit of background and signal contributions to the J/psi l mass distribution yielded 20.4(-5.5)(+6.2) events from B-c mesons. A fit to the same distribution with background alone was rejected at the level of 4.8 standard deviations. We measured the B-c(+) mass to be 6.40 +/- 0.39(stat) +/- 0.13(syst) GeV/c(2) and the B-c(+) lifetime to be 0.46(-0.16)(+0.18)(stat) +/- 0.03(syst) ps. Our measured yield (production cross section times branching ratio) for B-c(+) --> J/psi l(+)v relative to that for B+ --> J/psi K+ is 0.132(-0.037)(+0.041)(stat) +/- 0.031 (syst)(-0.020)(+0.032)(lifetime)

We propose to build a large water-Cherenkov-type muon-detector array (Tibet MD array) around the 37,000 m 2 Tibet air shower array (Tibet AS array) already constructed at 4,300 m above sea level in Tibet, China. Each muon detector is a waterproof concrete pool, 6 m wide × 6 m long × 1.5 m deep in size, equipped with a 20 inch-in-diameter PMT. The Tibet MD array consists of 240 muon detectors set up 2.5 m underground. Its total effective area will be 8,640 m 2 for muon detection. The Tibet MD array will significantly improve gamma-ray sensitivity of the Tibet AS array in the 100 TeV region (10-1000 TeV) by means of gamma/hadron separation based on counting the number of muons accompanying an air shower. The Tibet AS+MD array will have the sensitivity to gamma rays in the 100 TeV region by an order of magnitude better than any other previous existing detectors in the world. Keywords Gamma ray · Cosmic ray · Muon · SNR PACS 95.55.Ka · 98.70.Sa · 95.85.Ry