A nonthermal plasma technique in the form of dielectric barrier discharge has been studied on a laboratory scale for the removal of NO x and SO 2 . The experimental parameters investigated are voltage, frequency, pollutant concentration, and energy density. Effect of O 2 , H 2 O, and CO 2 on NO x conversion is presented. The effect of chemical compounds such as CO, CH 4 , and C 2 H 4 on NO x conversion is also investigated. The chemistry of plasma reactions is discussed. Nonthermal plasma is found to be effective for the oxidization of NO into reactive NO 2 in the presence of O 2 and hydrocarbons. Conversions show wide variations in the presence of oxygen and moisture. Experimental results also show that nonthermal plasma can be used to convert SO 2 to SO 3 . In addition, the effect of reactor geometry and dielectric materials on SO 2 conversion is also discussed.
The high cost of a currently available selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process is driving R&D efforts toward finding alternative technologies to remediate NO emissions from utility boilers. A hybrid plasma−catalyst (P−C) system is investigated for NO x removal. The plasma (dielectric barrier discharge) and SCR techniques are each studied for the reduction of NO x for comparative purposes. γ-Al2O3 is used as a catalyst in the hybrid P−C system. The hybrid P−C experiments show effective NO x removal compared to the results obtained from either plasma or SCR experiments. NO x removal by the P−C system is about 15% higher compared to that by the SCR alone when 1000−3000 ppm of methane or ethylene is added to the inlet gas stream. The hybrid P−C system has the potential to be successfully used for the removal of NO x from utility boiler flue gases and diesel exhausts.
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