It has been acknowledged that firms must resort to technology in order to acquire the flexibility needed to meet the challenges posed by the globalization of the economy. The successful adoption of new technology has thus become a matter of survival for companies.
Several studies have already highlighted the importance of the manager's behavior in the process of adopting technology. The Stevenson model suggests that this behavior may be situated anywhere on a continuum ranging from the characteristics of the administrator, at one extreme, to those of the entrepreneur, at the other.
Using this model, we conducted a study of senior managers to analyze their behavior in the decision to adopt a new technology. A questionnaire was mailed to 450 of them and in-depth interviews were conducted among 54 others.
Our findings show that in the process of adopting a new technology, half the managers adopted a behavior closer to that of an administrator. The other half acted more like entrepreneurs. This seems to have a major impact on the success of the adoption since we found that managers with an entrepreneurial style were not as successful as those who adopt an administrative style.
Sommaire: La fonction publique québécoise compte 2 391 cadres supérieurs. Leur moyenne d'âge est de 48 ans et 63 % d'entre eux ont plus de 45 ans. Parmi ces cadres supérieurs, 90 % seront éligibles à une retraite au cours des prochaines années. Ceci laisse entrevoir une augmentation sans précédent du nombre de départs pour prise de retraite. On craint même une véritable disparition de l'expertise de gestion de la fonction publique québécoise.
Selon certaines opinions, cette problématique sera complexifiée par le phénomène de vieillissement du groupe d'employés qui représente traditionnellement la relève des cadres, à savoir, le groupe des professionnels. Une très grande proportion des professionnels àété embauchée massivement, à cause de la croissance rapide de la fonction publique, ce qui explique que leur courbe d'âge suit de près celle des cadres.
La présente étude s'intéresse donc à ces deux phénomiènes et montre qu'il y aura effectivement une croissance marquée des départs pour prise de retraite dans le groupe des cadres. Mais en ce qui concerne le remplacement de ces cadres, la demande va évoluer progressivement et le niveau d'augmentation ne sera pas aussi important que prévu. Finalement, quant à la relève, il semble que le bassin de candidats potentiels au sein de la fonction publique soit nettement suffisant en nombre.
Abstract: The Quebec civil service comprises 2,391 executive‐level officials. Their average age is forty‐eight, and 63 per cent are over forty‐five. Ninety per cent of those officials will be eligible to retire over the next few years. As a result, there is a potentially unprecedented increase in the number of retirements. Mention is often made of the virtual disappearance of Quebec civil service management expertise which could occur. It is also alleged that this situation will be rendered even more complex by the aging of the employee group from which executive officials have traditionally emerged, i. e., the professionals. A very large proportion of the professionals were hired en masse, when the civil servicc was growing very quickly, which explains why their age distribution curve closely follows that of the executives.
This study therefore deals with these two phenomena and shows that there will indeed be a marked increase in retirements within the executive group. However, as regards the replacement of those executives, demand will change gradually and the rate of increase will not be as great as expected. Finally, as regards their replacement, the potential candidate base within the civil service is quite sufficient quantitatively.
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