Intelligent sensors have attracted substantial attention for various applications, including wearable electronics, artificial intelligence, healthcare monitoring, and human−machine interactions. However, there still remains a critical challenge in developing a multifunctional sensing system for complex signal detection and analysis in practical applications. Here, we develop a machine learning-combined flexible sensor for real-time tactile sensing and voice recognition through laser-induced graphitization. The intelligent sensor with a triboelectric layer can convert local pressure to an electrical signal through a contact electrification effect without external bias, which has a characteristic response behavior when exposed to various mechanical stimuli. With the special patterning design, a smart human−machine interaction controlling system composed of a digital arrayed touch panel is constructed to control electronic devices. Based on machine learning, the real-time monitoring and recognition of the changes of voice are achieved with high accuracy. The machine learning-empowered flexible sensor provides a promising platform for the development of flexible tactile sensing, real-time health detection, human−machine interaction, and intelligent wearable devices.
Metallic micro/nano structures with special physicochemical properties have undergone rapid development owing to their broad applications in micromachines and microdevices. Ultrafast laser processing is generally accepted as an effective technology for functional structures manufacture, however, the controllable fabrication of specific metallic micro/nano structures remains a challenge. Here, this work proposes a novel strategy of laser induced transient solid‐liquid transition to fabricate unique structures. Through modulating the transient state of metal from solid to liquid phase using the initial pulse excitation, the subsequent ultrafast pulse‐induced recoil pressure can suppress the plasma emission and removal of liquid phase metals, resulting in the controllable fabrication of coffee‐ring structures. The solid‐liquid transition dynamics, which related with the transient reflectivity and plasma intensity, are revealed by established two temperature model coupled with molecular dynamics model. The coffee‐ring structure exhibits tunable structure color owing to various optical response, which can be used for color printing with large scale and high resolution. This work provides a promising strategy for fabricating functional micro/nano structures, which can greatly broaden the potential applications.
Coffee‐Ring Structures In article number 2205696, Jianfeng Yan and co‐workers propose a strategy of laser induced transient solid‐liquid transition to fabricate coffee‐ring structures. Through modulating the transient state of metal from solid to liquid phase using ultrafast laser pulse train, the controllable fabrication of coffee‐ring structures is achieved. The coffee‐ring structure exhibit tunable structure color, which can be used for color printing.
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