-Mechanisms underlining oxidative stress-induced injury to cardiomyocytes during myocardial infarction (MI) or acute ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) are not well recognized. Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors have been defined as critical mediators of oxidative stress resistance in multiple cell types, but their cardioprotective functions have not been reported previously. In the present study, we investigated the promotion to FOXO1 by the treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) during the H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells. We then silenced FOXO1 with FOXO1-specific siRNA, and re-evaluated the H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis. In addition, we also examined the H 2 O 2 -induced autophagy and the autophagy induction post FOXO1 silence. Results demonstrated that H 2 O 2 induced a significantly high level of apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Interestingly, the FOXO1 in both mRNA and protein levels were not significantly regulated, however, the phosphorylated form of FOXO1 was significantly promoted in the H 2 O 2 -treated H9c2 cells. On the other hand, post the significant knockout of FOXO1 with the transfection with FOXO1-specific siRNA, the apoptosis induction was more significant in H9c2 cells subjected to H 2 O 2 . In addition, we found a significantly higher level of autophagy induction in the H 2 O 2 -treated H9c2 cells. However, the autophagy was markedly reduced by the knockout of FOXO1. In summary, these data support the critical role for FOXO1 in promoting cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress probably through inducing autophagy.
Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) is used as an in vivo model of ischemia/reperfusion injury, and myocardial ischemia can lead to heart disease. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent myocardial H/R injury to avoid the risk of heart disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether inhibiting microRNA (miR)-101a-3p attenuated H9C2 cell H/R injury, apoptosis mechanisms and key target proteins. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry using a cell apoptosis kit, respectively. The contents of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were detected using colorimetric assays. Dual luciferase assays were carried out to determine if miR-101a-3p inhibited Janus kinase (JAK)2. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were used to determine proteins levels and mRNAs expression. It was found that the inhibition of miR-101a-3p increased the growth of H9C2 cells and decreased H9C2 cell apoptosis during H/R injury. The inhibition of miR-101a-3p reduced the amounts of CK and LDH in H/R model H9C2 cells. The inhibition of miR-101a-3p lowered the levels of Bax, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, but raised the levels of phosphorylated (p)-STAT3 and p-JAK2 in H9C2 cells subjected to H/R injury treatment. miR-101a-3p mimic was found to inhibit H9C2 cell viability, raise p-JAK2 level and slightly increase p-STAT3 during H/R injury. AG490 induced H9C2 cell apoptosis, and decreased the levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 during H/R injury. The data indicated that inhibiting miR-101a-3p reduced H/R damage in H9C2 cells and decreased apoptosis via Bax/Bcl-2 signaling during H/R injury. In addition, it was suggested that the inhibition of miR-101a-3p decreased H/R injury in H9C2 cell by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Background: To systematically review the effects of Danhong injection on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary heart disease (CHD) and to provide a basis for further research. Methods: Through computer retrieval, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, VIP, SinoMed were retrieved on a computer. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of Danhong injection on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after PCI for CHD were collected in strict accordance with the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Chinese and English literatures in published from the establishment of each database to December 1, 2019, were retrieved by combining subject headings and free terms. Literatures were screened out by 2 researchers independently, and the risk of bias was assessed by 2 independent researchers by using the assessment tool for risk of bias as described Cochrane systematic reviewer's manual 5.1.0. Statistical analysis was performed by using Stata 14.0 software. Results: By collecting the existing evidence, this study would determine the effects of Danhong injection on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after PCI for CHD by meta-analysis. Conclusion: Through this study, we will draw a definite conclusion on whether Danhong injection has significant effects on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after PCI for CHD. This conclusion will provide practical and scientific guidance for the use of Danhong injection after PCI for CHD. PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020165568.
The objectives of the study were to comprehend the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) and prehypertension (PHT), awareness, treatment, and control of HTN and its distribution in urban, agricultural, pastoral, and semi‐agricultural/semi‐pastoral areas, and to explore the related factors of HTN among Mongolian adults in China. From August 2018 to August 2020, a multi‐stage stratified cluster random sampling method was conducted to investigate the prevalence of HTN among Mongolian adults aged ≥18 years living in China (n = 2558). Inclusion criteria for HTN were systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg and/or had hypertensive history and/or taking antihypertensive drugs for HTN. The prevalence rates of HTN and PHT were 44.77% and 32.03%, respectively. The prevalence rates of PHT in urban, agricultural, pastoral, and semi‐agricultural/semi‐pastoral areas were 34.93%, 34.73%, 26.03%, and 33.44%, respectively, and the prevalence rates of HTN were 35.97%, 40.15%, 49.68%, and 48.07%, respectively. The awareness, treatment and control rates of HTN were 66.48%, 58.93%, and 16.48%, respectively. In this survey, the overweight, obesity, and central obesity rates were 34.30%, 30.67%, and 58.08%, respectively. Compared with Chinese adults ≥18 years, the prevalence rate of HTN among Mongolian adults in China aged ≥ 18 years was relatively high; the prevalence rate of PHT and HTN awareness, treatment, and control rates were similar. The prevalence of HTN and the rates of obesity and central obesity were higher in pastoral regions than in the other three types of regions, and the rate of overweight was highest in agricultural regions.
Objective: To explore the clinical value of clopidogrel as the main treatment for patients with unstable angina. Methods: From January 2020 to December 2022, we assigned 50 cases to the control group (basic treatment) and 50 cases to the observation group (basic treatment with clopidogrel). The clinical data of both groups of patients were analyzed. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group after treatment (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the duration of angina pectoris and frequency of attacks between the two groups (P > 0.05); after treatment, the duration of angina pectoris and frequency of attacks in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in hemorheological indices, triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and platelet aggregation rate between the two groups (P > 0.05); however, after treatment, they were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the scores of SF-36 between the two groups (P > 0.05); after treatment, the SF-36 score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Clopidogrel can promote the rehabilitation of patients with unstable angina during treatment. Compared with conventional basic treatment, it can reinforce the final therapeutic effect. In addition, our study showed that the duration of angina pectoris and the frequency of attacks were shortened after clopidogrel therapy and the treatment had an effect on improving patients’ hemorheological indices, TG, TC, and platelet aggregation rate. Clopidogrel therapy plays an important role in ensuring the quality of life of patients after recovery.
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