Cancer remains an intractable medical problem. Rapid diagnosis and identification of cancer are critical to differentiate it from nonmalignant diseases. High‐throughput biofluid metabolic analysis has potential for cancer diagnosis. Nevertheless, the present metabolite analysis method does not meet the demand for high‐throughput screening of diseases. Herein, a high‐throughput, cost‐effective, and noninvasive urine metabolic profiling method based on TiO2/MXene‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI‐MS) is presented for the efficient screening of bladder cancer (BC) and nonmalignant urinary disease. Combined with machine learning, TiO2/MXene‐assisted LDI‐MS enables high diagnostic accuracy (96.8%) for the classification of patient groups (including 47 BC and 46 ureteral calculus (UC) patients) from healthy controls (113 cases). In addition, BC patients can also be identified from noncancerous UC individuals with an accuracy of 88.3% in the independent test cohort. Furthermore, metabolite variations between BC and UC individuals are investigated based on relative quantification, and related pathways are also discussed. These results suggest that this method, based on urine metabolic patterns, provides a potential tool for rapidly distinguishing urinary diseases and it may pave the way for precision medicine.

Microgravity solidification experiments were carried out in the Material Science Laboratory on board the International Space Station. The influence of grain refinement, rotating magnetic field (RMF) and surface pores on the microstructure and columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET) were investigated in two selected Albased samples solidified under microgravity conditions. The increase of the furnace pulling velocity leads to a finer dendrite structure, a smaller eutectic percentage and a more uniform eutectic distribution in the interdendritic regions. On the one hand, grain refinement ensures the occurrence of CET, which is progressive in the studied experiment because of the high temperature gradient. On the other hand, in the nonrefined alloy a RMF applied during solidification fails to trigger the CET, because the forced liquid flow is too weak compared to the solidification front velocity to transport fragments from the mushy zone above the solidification front. The presence of the pores at the sample surface leads to a peculiarity in the eutectic percentage and weakens the decrease of the dendrite arm spacing for both samples. These effects are ascribed to a forced extra liquid flow into the mushy zone due to the pore that *Manuscript Click here to view linked References 2 promotes the growth of the dendrites along the liquid flow direction, resulting in elongated grains and postponing the CET in the refined alloy.

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