Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt or Panama disease on banana, is one of the major constraints in banana production worldwide. Indonesia is the centre of origin for wild and cultivated bananas, which likely co-evolved with Foc. This study explored the widest possible genetic diversity of Foc by sampling across Indonesia at 34 geographically and environmentally different locations in 15 provinces at six islands. This resulted in a comprehensive collection of ∼200 isolates from 40 different local banana varieties. Isolates were identified and assessed using sequence analysis of the translation elongation factor-1alpha (tef1), the RNA polymerase II largest subunit (rpb1), and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2). Phylogenetic analyses of these genes allowed the identification of 180 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), and 20 isolates of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC), the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC), and the Fusarium sambucinum species complex (FSSC). Further analyses, incorporating a worldwide collection of Foc strains, revealed nine independent genetic lineages for Foc, and one novel clade in the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC). Selected isolates from each lineage were tested on the banana varieties Gros Michel and Cavendish to characterise their pathogenicity profiles. More than 65 % of the isolates were diagnosed as Tropical Race 4 (Foc-TR4) due to their pathogenicity to Cavendish banana, which supports the hypothesis that Foc-TR4 is of Indonesian origin. Nine independent genetic lineages for Foc are formally described in this study. This biodiversity has not been studied since the initial description of Foc in 1919. This study provides a detailed overview of the complexity of Fusarium wilt on banana and its diversity and distribution across Indonesia.
Banana is an important fruit and food crop, but is threatened by Fusarium wilt, one of the most devastating soil-borne fungal diseases. Only host resistance facilitates banana cultivation in infested soils around the world, but the genetic basis of Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) is unknown. We selfed a heterozygous wild banana accession Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis (Mam, AA, 2n = 22) to generate a mapping population and to investigate the inheritance of resistance to Race 1 and tropical race 4 (TR4) that cause FWB. Phenotyping (N = 217) revealed segregation for resistance, and genotyping by sequencing resulted in 2802 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphic markers (SNPs) that were used for genetic mapping. Combined analyses of these data showed that a single dominant resistance locus controls resistance to Race 1 and maps near the distal part of chromosome 10. Recombinants, together with the position of the putative resistance gene, were further analysed using graphical genotyping, which retrieved markers flanking a 360 kb genetic region that associates with Race 1 resistance. The region contains 165 putative genes on the reference genome, including 19 leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase-like genes. At the same position and phase, we also identified a QTL for TR4 resistance, showing that the locus for resistance against Race 1 provided partial resistance to TR4. However, this effect was far less significant and hence not included in the mapping. These data support the breeding of new banana varieties with resistance to Fusarium wilt.
Musa balbisianaColla, known as Pisang Klutuk/Pisang Batu, is important for banana breeding program due to its B genome and often considered to be resistant to pest, disease and drought. Banana is a big and tall herb up to 7-9 m in height.The study was conducted to assess genetic diversity of 21 accessions of M. balbisiana cultivars/ varieties from Indonesia based on Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers in order to provide basic information to support banana breeding program. Analyses of similarity index of Nei and Li and clustering based on UPGMA was conducted using NTSYS program. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted by MINITAB 14. Twenty two primer pairs of AFLP markers produced 485 AFLP bands varying from 51-3206 bp in size and 46.18% of the AFLP bands were polymorphic. Genetic diversity among the 21 accessions of M. balbisiana was 13.8%. The genetic diversity of wild M. balbisiana was 12.9%, higher than the genetic diversity of cultivated M. balbisiana which was 11.5%. Cluster analysis based on UPGMA suggested that wild M. balbisiana and cultivated M. balbisiana could not be separated into different clusters. Both cluster analysis and PCA produced the same three groups of the accessions. The PCA analyses showed that 17 AFLP bands were responsible for the grouping.
Poerba YS, Ahmad F (2010) Genetic variability among 18 cultivars of cooking bananas and plantains by . This study was done to assess the molecular diversity of 36 accessions (18 cultivars) of the plantain and cooking bananas (Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana, AAB, ABB subgroups) based on Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers and to determine genetic relationships in the bananas. RAPD and ISSR fingerprinting of these banana varieties was carried out by five primers of RAPDs and two primers of ISSRs. RAPD primers produced 63 amplified fragments varying from 250 to 2500 bp in size. 96.82% of the amplification bands were polymorphic. ISSR primers produced 26 amplified fragments varying from 350 bp to 2000 bp in size. The results showed that 92.86% of the amplification bands were polymorphic. The range of genetic distance of 18 cultivars was from 0.06-0.67.
Triploid banana cultivar is the most desirable cultivar in banana industry because of its higher yield compared to its diploid cultivar. The triploid cultivar can be produced by crossing tetraploid with diploid cultivar. However, tetraploid banana cultivar is rarely existed naturally. Induced tetraploid of Pisang Rejang was produced using oryzalin. The present research was conducted to characterize tetraploid Pisang Rejang (Musa acuminata, AAAA genome) induced by in-vitro oryzalin treatment from diploid Pisang Rejang. Ploidy level, molecular and morphotaxonomic characters were observed. Ploidy identification of induced Pisang Rejang was conducted using Flowcytometer. Molecular characterization was done using RAPD and ISSR markers. Morphology characters were observed based on UPOV (2010). The results showed that tetraploid plants have similar genetic properties with their diploid controls as shown by genetic identity of 0.9901 – 0.9935. The tetraploids were differed from their diploid plants in plan habit and diameter of fruit. The tetraploid plants produce fewer suckers, drooping leaves and broader fruits compared to its diploid control.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.