IntroductionThe prognostic role of the derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) in human patients with HER2+ breast cancer is not well understood. Here, we aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of dNLR in patients with HER2+ breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.MethodsA total of 310 patients with non-distant metastatic HER2+ breast cancer who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our hospital from May 2006 to November 2013 were retrospectively included in this study. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to assess overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The Cox regression model was used to evaluate the prognostic value of dNLR and Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification, as well as other clinicopathological parameters in patients with HER2+ breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.ResultsWe found that dNLR prior to treatment was positively correlated with tumor size, tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion, and histological grade (P<0.05). The median OS of patients with high dNLR and low dNLR were 44.2 and 69.9, respectively (P<0.001), and the median DFS of patients with high dNLR and low dNLR were 15.3 and 22.1 months, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that dNLR was an independent risk factor for OS (HR =1.726; 95% CI: 1.072–2.662; P=0.009) and DFS (HR =1.658; 95% CI: 1.125–2.426; P=0.026). Moreover, increased BI-RADS classification independently predicted short OS (HR =1.609; 95% CI: 1.216–2.351; P=0.015) and DFS (HR =1.925; 95% CI: 1.526–2.635; P=0.021).ConclusiondNLR prior to treatment and BI-RADS classification are independent prognostic factors in patients with HER2+ breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
HC290 is a substitute for R22 and R410A for small heat pumps, room air conditioners, and light commercial refrigeration equipment since it has a negligible environmental impact and high efficiency. The performance, P-V diagram and valve dynamic displacement of a rotary compressor using R22 and R290 as the refrigerant, under five different operating conditions, were measured and analyzed in this paper to help understand the characteristics of internal thermodynamic process and the distribution of indicated power losses. Further, a new method for analyzing the P-V diagram of a rotary compressor was proposed. Compared with the R22 compressor, some conclusions about the discharge process starting angle, dynamic variation of pressure in the cylinder, volumetric efficiency, indicated efficiency, and loss distribution of the R290 rotary compressor under high efficiency conditions were given. The performance variation of the R290 compressor under other conditions was explained. Several measures to increase the energy efficiency of the R290 rotary compressor were proposed.
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