With the help of fog computing, urban computing and intelligence novel systems can be created to improve the urban environment and the quality of human life. Sensor-cloud systems based on urban fog computing (SCS-UFC) are new intelligent network systems, which combine a cloud platform with wireless sensor networks (WSNs) as well as fog nodes to provide functions such as sensing, computation, and storage of large-scale data. Since the sensor nodes in WSNs only have limited transmission capacity, they cannot transmit their data to the cloud platform directly. Therefore, fog nodes with stronger transmission capacity are deployed to relay the data from WSNs to the cloud platform. However, different fog nodes may be burdened with different workloads (i.e., amounts of data): usually, the fog nodes with heavier workloads mean longer transmission delay and more energy consumption. If a fog node exhausts its energy, it will die and then make the network cease to work. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the workload of all fog nodes so as to reduce transmission delay and energy consumption of the sensors. However, addressing the problem is challenging because each fog node only knows local information of its neighbors, and thus it is difficult to get a global optimization result by itself. In this paper, a distributed intelligent algorithm based on the Hungarian method is proposed. First, each fog node collects the information connected with its neighboring fog nodes that are located within its transmission range. Then, a new genetic algorithm is designed to find an approximate optimization solution. Finally, each fog node decides if it should forward parts of its workload to other fog nodes so that the workloads of all fog nodes are balanced. Simulation results show that our algorithm can achieve shorter delay and less energy consumption than existing works.
Modeling and representing 3D shapes of the human body and face is a prominent field due to its applications in the healthcare, clothes, and movie industry. In our work, we tackled the problem of 3D face and body synthesis by reducing 3D meshes to 2D image representations. We show that the face can naturally be modeled on a 2D grid. At the same time, for more challenging 3D body geometries, we proposed a novel non-bijective 3D–2D conversion method representing the 3D body mesh as a plurality of rendered projections on the 2D grid. Then, we trained a state-of-the-art vector-quantized variational autoencoder (VQ-VAE-2) to learn a latent representation of 2D images and fit a PixelSNAIL autoregressive model to sample novel synthetic meshes. We evaluated our method versus a classical one based on principal component analysis (PCA) by sampling from the empirical cumulative distribution of the PCA scores. We used the empirical distributions of two commonly used metrics, specificity and diversity, to quantitatively demonstrate that the synthetic faces generated with our method are statistically closer to real faces when compared with the PCA ones. Our experiment on the 3D body geometry requires further research to match the test set statistics but shows promising results.
In order to study the impact of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 epidemic on China's foreign transportation industry, this article summarizes the impact of a sudden major epidemic on trade and transportation, and applies statistical data trend analysis, case analysis, graphic analysis, and comparative analysis. The preliminary research on the Corona Virus Disease 2019 epidemic in the external transportation industry such as ports, shipping and civil aviation. The conclusion of the study is that the Corona Virus Disease 2019 epidemic has concentrated on industries such as ports, shipping, and civil aviation. It is expected that the volume of containers in major coastal ports will decline by more than 20% in March. 30%. Before and after the Spring Festival, the number of international routes decreased by 19, and the number of flights and seats decreased by 28%. The air cargo market was affected by the epidemic. As the epidemic situation is controlled in the short term, production will gradually recover. Correspondingly, countermeasures should be taken to stabilize foreign trade, stabilize production, stabilize channels, and stabilize investment to turn dangers into opportunities and minimize negative impacts. This research will provide a reference for the industry to scientifically respond to the Corona Virus Disease 2019 epidemic.
Fourier ptychography (FP) involves the acquisition of several low-resolution intensity images of a sample under varying illumination angles. They are then combined into a high-resolution complex-valued image by solving a phase-retrieval problem. The objective in dynamic FP is to obtain a sequence of high-resolution images of a moving sample. There, the application of standard frame-by-frame reconstruction methods limits the temporal resolution due to the large number of measurements that must be acquired for each frame. In this work instead, we propose a neural-network-based reconstruction framework for dynamic FP. Specifically, each reconstructed image in the sequence is the output of a shared deep convolutional network fed with an input vector that lies on a one-dimensional manifold that encodes time. We then optimize the parameters of the network to fit the acquired measurements. The architecture of the network and the constraints on the input vectors impose a spatiotemporal regularization on the sequence of images. This enables our method to achieve high temporal resolution without compromising the spatial resolution. The proposed framework does not require training data. It also recovers the pupil function of the microscope. Through numerical experiments, we show that our framework paves the way for high-quality ultrafast FP.
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