P. 2010. Nutrient composition and degradation profiles of anthocyanidin-accumulating Lc-alfalfa populations. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 90: 401Á412. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most used forages in the world but suffers the disadvantage of having poor protein utilization by the animal. The poor protein utilization is the result of excessive ruminal protein degradation, which might be reduced by the protein precipitating capacity of anthocyanidin (AC) and condensed tannins (CT). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the Lc-transgene on survival, anthocyanidin, condensed tannin and chemical profiles in crossed populations of western Canadian-adapted Lc-alfalfa. These were compared with their nontransgenic (NT) parental varieties, Rangelander, Rambler, and Beaver. Lc-alfalfa forage accumulated enhanced amounts of anthocyanidin, with an average concentration of 197.4 mg g(1 DM, while condensed tannins were not detected. Both of these metabolites were absent in the NT parental varieties. Lc-alfalfa had a lower (24.8 vs. 27.3% DM; PB0.02) crude protein (CP) and higher (58.3 vs. 55.5% DM; P B0.01) carbohydrate (CHO) concentration, which resulted in their decreased (P B0.01) N:CHO ratio (68.1 vs. 79.2 g kg ) compared with NT alfalfa. Slowly degradable N:CHO ratio was decreased by 5.9 g kg (1 (P B0.03) and total rumen-degradable N:CHO ratio was decreased by 12.9 g kg (1 (PB0.03) in Lc-alfalfa compared with NT alfalfa. In conclusion, Lc-gene transformation resulted in the accumulation of anthocyanidin, decreased total protein content, increased total carbohydrate content and improved the balance between nitrogen and carbohydrates in the crossed transgenic populations of western Canadian-adapted alfalfa compared to their NT western Canadian parental alfalfa varieties. La luzerne (Medicago sativa L.) est une des plantes fourrage`res les plus utilise´es dans le monde, cependant elle souffre du fait que les animaux assimilent mal ses prote´ines. Cette pie`tre assimilation re´sulte de l'excessive de´gradation de ses prote´ines dans le rumen, une de´gradation que pourrait freiner le pouvoir de pre´cipitation des prote´ines de l'anthocyanidine et des tanins condense´s. L'e´tude devait pre´ciser les effets du transge`ne Lc sur la re´sistance des prote´ines et la concentration 6
The heterogeneity of berry heterogeneity is a commonly occurring phenomenon that has a big influence on fruit composition and wine quality. To clarify this relationship, 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapes were collected at harvest from a single vineyard and divided into three categories in two consecutive years: small (≤ 0.75 g), medium (0.76-1.25 g), and large (> 1.25 g). The medium berries were present in the highest frequency, accounting for more than 50% of the berry populations. The standard physicochemical parameters of the fruit were significantly affected by berry size. The relative skin mass and soluble solids contents, as well as total phenolic and anthocyanin concentrations, decreased with the berry size, while the relative seed mass, pH and malic acid content were positively correlated with berry weight. Accordingly, the wine composition also varied with berry size, as the wines made from small berries showed the highest alcohol and residual sugar content. CIELab parameters of the resulting wines showed the small berries were more desirable for making wine with a deeper and more saturated colour. With regard to volatile compounds, berry size showed a limited effect. Only 1-hexanol and laevo-2,3-butanediol showed consistent and significant trends across vintages for wine volatiles, which showed the highest levels in wines made from the small category of berries.
The long-term trend of diurnal temperature range (DTR) over Nigeria was examined using daily station-based datasets for the period 1971-2013. The results show that the regionally averaged DTR has decreased significantly (−0.34°C per decade) over the Nigerian Sahel (north of 10°N), but there has been a slight increasing trend (0.01°C per decade) over the Nigerian Guinea Coast. The annual decreasing trend of DTR in the Nigerian Sahel is mainly attributable to the significant increasing trend in daily minimum temperature (T min , 0.51°C per decade), which far outstrips the rate of increase in the daily maximum (T max , 0.17°C per decade). In contrast, the comparable trends in T min (0.19°C per decade) and T max (0.20°C per decade) may explain the non-significant trend of the DTR averaged over the Guinea Coast region. It is observed that the DTR has decreased more in boreal summer (June-July-August) than in boreal winter (December-January-February) for the regions. Furthermore, it is found that the significant DTR declining trend over the Nigerian Sahel is closely associated with an increasing trend of annual and summer precipitation in the region, but the increasing DTR trend in the Nigerian Guinea Coast region can be attributed to the decreasing trend of cloud cover over the region. 摘要 本文基于站点观测及再分析资料,考察了1979-2013年期间尼日利亚不同地区温度日较差 (DTR)的变化趋势及其可能原因。结果表明,尼日利亚北部萨赫勒地区(NSR)日最低温的 增温趋势显著大于日最高温增加的趋势,导致该区域DTR呈显著下降趋势(-0.34°C/10年); 而在南部几内亚湾地区(NGC),区域平均日最高温度增加趋势略大于最低温度的增加趋势, 导致该区域平均DTR呈微弱上升趋势(0.01°C/10年)。NSR区域显著的DTR下降趋势与该地区 降水量呈长期增加趋势密切相关,而NGC区域DTR的增加趋势则可归因于该地区云量存在的长 期减少趋势。
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.