Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) is a rare, chronic, itchy, aseptic disease. Although most cases of infantile EPF (I-EPF) are detected in infants, we found that a 7-year-old child with I-EPF, who received treatment with oral azithromycin in combination with topical narrow bound Ultra Violet B light (NB-UVB) irradiation, with no recurrence at follow-up. Our experience with the successful treatment of this patient can provide a reference for more pediatric patients.
Purpose We used color Doppler ultrasound to conduct an objective evaluation of the 595-nm Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL) combined with 755-nm long-pulse alexandrite sequential laser treatment for hybrid IH. Patients and Methods A total of 116 cases of hybrid IH were selected for this study. The interval between laser treatments was around 4 weeks, and 6 laser treatments or complete removal of the tumor was the end point. All children underwent color Doppler ultrasonography at the 0th, 1st, 6th months of treatment. Children were grouped by gender, age (<6 months, ≥6 months), thickness (<8 mm, ≥8 mm), and location (face and neck, trunk, and extremities). Calculate the volume of IHs according to color Doppler ultrasound. The volume ratio before and after treatment was defined as the A-value. Treatment outcomes were defined as effective when the A-value <75%. Results In total, 74 cases (63.79%) had effective outcomes. Overall, the samples showed a statistically significant difference in the reduction of IH volume after 6 months of laser treatment (P < 0.001). The treatment of <6 months group had better efficacy than the ≥6 months group (P < 0.001), the treatment of thickness <8 mm group had better efficacy than the thickness ≥8 mm group (P < 0.001) and there was no significant difference in efficacy between the three different location groups (P > 0.05). Greater reduction in blood flow in the group with the effective outcome than in the group with the ineffective outcome (P < 0.001). Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound can be applied to the diagnosis of hybrid IH and to the evaluation of treatment time and outcomes, and it can help clinicians recognize hybrid IH with greater accuracy. The earlier intervention for hybrid IH we perform, the better outcomes will be.
Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disorder in which destruction of skin melanocytes. In recent years, 308‐nm excimer laser (308‐nm EL) and topical tacrolimus have been extensively used to treat vitiligo. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of combined treatment of 308‐nm EL and topical tacrolimus for treating periocular vitiligo compared to 308‐nm EL monotherapy. This study is a retrospective observational study, involving 58 Chinese patients of periocular vitiligo, divided into two groups: the control group (28 patients) treated with 308‐nm EL; and the experimental group (30 patients) treated with 308‐nm EL and topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment. Repigmentation was assessed at four grades. In the control group, there were four patients (14%) with poor repigmentation, eleven patients (39%) with moderate repigmentation, ten patients (36%) with good repigmentation, three patients (11%) with excellent repigmentation. In the experimental group, two patients (7%) experienced poor repigmentation, six patients (20%) experienced moderate repigmentation, fifteen patients (50%) experienced good repigmentation, seven patients (23%) experienced excellent repigmentation. The experimental group efficacy rate (good and excellent repigmentation) was 73.3%, higher than 46.4% for the control group (p = 0.037). Our findings suggest that both treatments are safe and the combination of tacrolimus and 308‐nm EL is more effective than 308‐nm EL alone for periocular vitiligo.
Background: To explore the underlying mechanism of the regulatory effect of HPV-associated cancer cells on immune cells of the cervical cancer microenvironment. Methods: Immature dendritic cells (imDCs) were obtained from primary mouse bone marrow cells, which were induced in 500 ng/mL LPS for 18 h to get mature dendritic cells (mDCs). DCs were then identified by measuring CD11c, CD80 and CD86 by flow cytometry. Protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 in imDCs and mDCs were examined by Western blot. H8 cells transfected with shHPV18-E6 or Hela cells transfected with HPV18-E6 siRNA were co-cultured with mDCs for 24 h, followed by protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7, cell apoptosis and migration. Results: Protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 were significantly higher in mDCs than in imDCs. A higher migratory rate and higher protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 were detected in H8 cells transfected with shHPV18-E6 co-cultured with mDCs than those of controls; While the opposite results were detected in Hela cells transfected with HPV18-E6 siRNA that were co-cultured with mDCs. Conclusion: TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 are upregulated in mDCs. HPV18-E6 mediates immune cells in the cervical cancer microenvironment via regulating Toll-like receptors (TLRs), thereby achieving immune escape and promoting the migration of cervical cancer cells.
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